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Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago

COVID-19 has significantly and unevenly impacted the United States, disproportionately affecting socially vulnerable communities. While epidemiologists and public health officials have suggested social distancing and shelter-in-place orders to halt the spread of this virus, the ability to comply wit...

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Autores principales: Kashem, Shakil Bin, Baker, Dwayne M., González, Silvia R., Lee, C. Aujean
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8459204/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34580620
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103261
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author Kashem, Shakil Bin
Baker, Dwayne M.
González, Silvia R.
Lee, C. Aujean
author_facet Kashem, Shakil Bin
Baker, Dwayne M.
González, Silvia R.
Lee, C. Aujean
author_sort Kashem, Shakil Bin
collection PubMed
description COVID-19 has significantly and unevenly impacted the United States, disproportionately affecting socially vulnerable communities. While epidemiologists and public health officials have suggested social distancing and shelter-in-place orders to halt the spread of this virus, the ability to comply with these guidelines is dependent on neighborhood, household, and individual characteristics related to social vulnerability. We use structural equation modeling and multiple data sources, including anonymized mobile phone location data from SafeGraph, to examine the effects of different social vulnerability and built environment factors on COVID-19 prevalence over two overlapping time periods (March to May and March to November of 2020). We use Chicago, Illinois as a case study and find that zip codes with low educational attainment consistently experienced higher case rates over both periods. Though population density was not significantly related to the prevalence in any period, movement of people made a significant contribution only during the longer time period. This finding highlights the significance of analyzing different timeframes for understanding social vulnerability. Our results suggest social vulnerability played an influential role in COVID-19 prevalence, highlighting the needs to address socioeconomic barriers to pandemic recovery and future pandemic response.
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spelling pubmed-84592042021-09-23 Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago Kashem, Shakil Bin Baker, Dwayne M. González, Silvia R. Lee, C. Aujean Sustain Cities Soc Article COVID-19 has significantly and unevenly impacted the United States, disproportionately affecting socially vulnerable communities. While epidemiologists and public health officials have suggested social distancing and shelter-in-place orders to halt the spread of this virus, the ability to comply with these guidelines is dependent on neighborhood, household, and individual characteristics related to social vulnerability. We use structural equation modeling and multiple data sources, including anonymized mobile phone location data from SafeGraph, to examine the effects of different social vulnerability and built environment factors on COVID-19 prevalence over two overlapping time periods (March to May and March to November of 2020). We use Chicago, Illinois as a case study and find that zip codes with low educational attainment consistently experienced higher case rates over both periods. Though population density was not significantly related to the prevalence in any period, movement of people made a significant contribution only during the longer time period. This finding highlights the significance of analyzing different timeframes for understanding social vulnerability. Our results suggest social vulnerability played an influential role in COVID-19 prevalence, highlighting the needs to address socioeconomic barriers to pandemic recovery and future pandemic response. Elsevier Ltd. 2021-12 2021-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8459204/ /pubmed/34580620 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103261 Text en © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Kashem, Shakil Bin
Baker, Dwayne M.
González, Silvia R.
Lee, C. Aujean
Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago
title Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago
title_full Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago
title_fullStr Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago
title_short Exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of COVID-19: A case study of Chicago
title_sort exploring the nexus between social vulnerability, built environment, and the prevalence of covid-19: a case study of chicago
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8459204/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34580620
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103261
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