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Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline
Awamori, the traditional distilled alcoholic beverage of Okinawa, Japan, is brewed with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. During the distillation process after the fermentation, enormous quantities of distillation residues containing yeast cells must be disposed of, and this has recently been reco...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472793/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091902 |
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author | Nishimura, Akira Takasaki, Yurie Isogai, Shota Toyokawa, Yoichi Tanahashi, Ryoya Takagi, Hiroshi |
author_facet | Nishimura, Akira Takasaki, Yurie Isogai, Shota Toyokawa, Yoichi Tanahashi, Ryoya Takagi, Hiroshi |
author_sort | Nishimura, Akira |
collection | PubMed |
description | Awamori, the traditional distilled alcoholic beverage of Okinawa, Japan, is brewed with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. During the distillation process after the fermentation, enormous quantities of distillation residues containing yeast cells must be disposed of, and this has recently been recognized as a major problem both environmentally and economically. Proline, a multifunctional amino acid, has the highest water retention capacity among amino acids. Therefore, distillation residues with large amounts of proline could be useful in cosmetics. Here, we isolated a yeast mutant with high levels of intracellular proline and found a missense mutation (Gln79His) on the PRO1 gene encoding the γ-glutamyl kinase Pro1, a limiting enzyme in proline biosynthesis. The amino acid change of Gln79 to His in Pro1 resulted in desensitization to the proline-mediated feedback inhibition of GK activity, leading to the accumulation of proline in cells. Biochemical and in silico analyses showed that the amino acid residue at position 79 is involved in the stabilization of the proline binding pocket in Pro1 via a hydrogen-bonding network, which plays an important role in feedback inhibition. Our current study, therefore, proposed a possible mechanism underlying the feedback inhibition of γ-glutamyl kinase activity. This mechanism can be applied to construct proline-accumulating yeast strains to effectively utilize distillation residues. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8472793 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84727932021-09-28 Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline Nishimura, Akira Takasaki, Yurie Isogai, Shota Toyokawa, Yoichi Tanahashi, Ryoya Takagi, Hiroshi Microorganisms Article Awamori, the traditional distilled alcoholic beverage of Okinawa, Japan, is brewed with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. During the distillation process after the fermentation, enormous quantities of distillation residues containing yeast cells must be disposed of, and this has recently been recognized as a major problem both environmentally and economically. Proline, a multifunctional amino acid, has the highest water retention capacity among amino acids. Therefore, distillation residues with large amounts of proline could be useful in cosmetics. Here, we isolated a yeast mutant with high levels of intracellular proline and found a missense mutation (Gln79His) on the PRO1 gene encoding the γ-glutamyl kinase Pro1, a limiting enzyme in proline biosynthesis. The amino acid change of Gln79 to His in Pro1 resulted in desensitization to the proline-mediated feedback inhibition of GK activity, leading to the accumulation of proline in cells. Biochemical and in silico analyses showed that the amino acid residue at position 79 is involved in the stabilization of the proline binding pocket in Pro1 via a hydrogen-bonding network, which plays an important role in feedback inhibition. Our current study, therefore, proposed a possible mechanism underlying the feedback inhibition of γ-glutamyl kinase activity. This mechanism can be applied to construct proline-accumulating yeast strains to effectively utilize distillation residues. MDPI 2021-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8472793/ /pubmed/34576795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091902 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nishimura, Akira Takasaki, Yurie Isogai, Shota Toyokawa, Yoichi Tanahashi, Ryoya Takagi, Hiroshi Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline |
title | Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline |
title_full | Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline |
title_fullStr | Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline |
title_short | Role of Gln79 in Feedback Inhibition of the Yeast γ-Glutamyl Kinase by Proline |
title_sort | role of gln79 in feedback inhibition of the yeast γ-glutamyl kinase by proline |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8472793/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34576795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091902 |
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