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Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D

Food supplements (FS) are a concentrated source of vitamins, minerals, or other ingredients with nutritional or other physiological effects. Due to their easy availability, widespread advertising, and sometimes low price, increased consumption of this group of preparations has been observed. Therefo...

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Autores principales: Puścion-Jakubik, Anna, Bielecka, Joanna, Grabia, Monika, Mielech, Anita, Markiewicz-Żukowska, Renata, Mielcarek, Konrad, Moskwa, Justyna, Naliwajko, Sylwia K., Soroczyńska, Jolanta, Gromkowska-Kępka, Krystyna J., Nowakowski, Patryk, Socha, Katarzyna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8538476/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684363
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103361
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author Puścion-Jakubik, Anna
Bielecka, Joanna
Grabia, Monika
Mielech, Anita
Markiewicz-Żukowska, Renata
Mielcarek, Konrad
Moskwa, Justyna
Naliwajko, Sylwia K.
Soroczyńska, Jolanta
Gromkowska-Kępka, Krystyna J.
Nowakowski, Patryk
Socha, Katarzyna
author_facet Puścion-Jakubik, Anna
Bielecka, Joanna
Grabia, Monika
Mielech, Anita
Markiewicz-Żukowska, Renata
Mielcarek, Konrad
Moskwa, Justyna
Naliwajko, Sylwia K.
Soroczyńska, Jolanta
Gromkowska-Kępka, Krystyna J.
Nowakowski, Patryk
Socha, Katarzyna
author_sort Puścion-Jakubik, Anna
collection PubMed
description Food supplements (FS) are a concentrated source of vitamins, minerals, or other ingredients with nutritional or other physiological effects. Due to their easy availability, widespread advertising, and sometimes low price, increased consumption of this group of preparations has been observed. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and intake of FS during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, with particular reference to FS containing zinc and vitamin D. It was noted that both of the above ingredients were used significantly more often by people with higher education (59.0%), with a medical background or related working in the medical field (54.5%), and/or exercising at home (60.1%). Preparations containing vitamin D were used by 22.8% of the respondents in the first wave, 37.6% in the second wave, and 32.9% in the third wave. To sum up, we showed the highest consumption of vitamin and mineral supplements, and preparations containing zinc and vitamin D were taken significantly more often by people with higher medical and related education. This indicates a high awareness of health aspects and the need for preventive measures in these groups.
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spelling pubmed-85384762021-10-24 Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D Puścion-Jakubik, Anna Bielecka, Joanna Grabia, Monika Mielech, Anita Markiewicz-Żukowska, Renata Mielcarek, Konrad Moskwa, Justyna Naliwajko, Sylwia K. Soroczyńska, Jolanta Gromkowska-Kępka, Krystyna J. Nowakowski, Patryk Socha, Katarzyna Nutrients Article Food supplements (FS) are a concentrated source of vitamins, minerals, or other ingredients with nutritional or other physiological effects. Due to their easy availability, widespread advertising, and sometimes low price, increased consumption of this group of preparations has been observed. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and intake of FS during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, with particular reference to FS containing zinc and vitamin D. It was noted that both of the above ingredients were used significantly more often by people with higher education (59.0%), with a medical background or related working in the medical field (54.5%), and/or exercising at home (60.1%). Preparations containing vitamin D were used by 22.8% of the respondents in the first wave, 37.6% in the second wave, and 32.9% in the third wave. To sum up, we showed the highest consumption of vitamin and mineral supplements, and preparations containing zinc and vitamin D were taken significantly more often by people with higher medical and related education. This indicates a high awareness of health aspects and the need for preventive measures in these groups. MDPI 2021-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8538476/ /pubmed/34684363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103361 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Puścion-Jakubik, Anna
Bielecka, Joanna
Grabia, Monika
Mielech, Anita
Markiewicz-Żukowska, Renata
Mielcarek, Konrad
Moskwa, Justyna
Naliwajko, Sylwia K.
Soroczyńska, Jolanta
Gromkowska-Kępka, Krystyna J.
Nowakowski, Patryk
Socha, Katarzyna
Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D
title Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D
title_full Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D
title_fullStr Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D
title_full_unstemmed Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D
title_short Consumption of Food Supplements during the Three COVID-19 Waves in Poland—Focus on Zinc and Vitamin D
title_sort consumption of food supplements during the three covid-19 waves in poland—focus on zinc and vitamin d
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8538476/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34684363
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103361
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