Peripheral Inflammation Results in Increased Excitability of Capsaicin-Insensitive Nociceptive DRG Neurons Mediated by Upregulation of ASICs and Voltage-Gated Ion Channels

Previously, we have characterized the capsaicin-insensitive low pH-sensitive (caps(−)lpH(+)) subtype of small-sized nociceptive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that express acid-sensing ion channels, T-type Ca(2+) channels, and have isolectin B4-negative phenotype. These neurons demonstrated increased excitability in a model of long-term diabetes, contributing to chronic pain sensation. Here we studied changes in the excitability of the caps(−)lpH(+) neurons and underlying changes in the functional expression and gating properties of ion channels under complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced peripheral inflammation. We have found that, under these pathological conditions, the functional expression of the acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and voltage-gated Na(+) channels, was increased. In addition, T-type Ca(2+) current was significantly increased in the neurons at the membrane potentials close to its resting value. Altogether, the observed changes in the channel functioning shifted a pH level evoking an action potential (AP) toward its physiological value and led to an increase of evoked and spontaneous excitability of the caps(−)lpH(+) neurons that may contribute to hyperalgesia and chronic inflammatory pain.