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Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indica...

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Autores principales: dos Santos, Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro, de Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato, Candow, Darren G., Forbes, Scott C., Guijo, Jaddy Antunes, de Almeida Santana, Carla Caroliny, do Prado, Wagner Luiz, Botero, João Paulo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34836013
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113757
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author dos Santos, Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro
de Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato
Candow, Darren G.
Forbes, Scott C.
Guijo, Jaddy Antunes
de Almeida Santana, Carla Caroliny
do Prado, Wagner Luiz
Botero, João Paulo
author_facet dos Santos, Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro
de Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato
Candow, Darren G.
Forbes, Scott C.
Guijo, Jaddy Antunes
de Almeida Santana, Carla Caroliny
do Prado, Wagner Luiz
Botero, João Paulo
author_sort dos Santos, Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro
collection PubMed
description Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indicates that the addition of creatine supplementation (Cr) to RT augments gains in muscle strength and muscle mass, compared to RT alone. However, some evidence indicates that sex differences may alter the effectiveness of Cr. Therefore, we systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of Cr + RT on measures of upper- and lower-body strength and muscle mass in older females. A systematic literature search was performed in nine electronic databases. Ten RCTs (N = 211 participants) were included the review. Overall, Cr significantly increased measures of upper-body strength (7 studies, n = 142, p = 0.04), with no effect on lower-body strength or measures of muscle mass. Sub-analyses revealed that both upper-body (4 studies, n = 97, p = 0.05) and lower-body strength (4 studies, n = 100, p = 0.03) were increased by Cr, compared to placebo in studies ≥ 24 weeks in duration. In conclusion, older females supplementing with Cr experience significant gains in muscle strength, especially when RT lasts for at least 24 weeks in duration. However, given the level of evidence, future high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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spelling pubmed-86191932021-11-27 Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis dos Santos, Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro de Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato Candow, Darren G. Forbes, Scott C. Guijo, Jaddy Antunes de Almeida Santana, Carla Caroliny do Prado, Wagner Luiz Botero, João Paulo Nutrients Review Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indicates that the addition of creatine supplementation (Cr) to RT augments gains in muscle strength and muscle mass, compared to RT alone. However, some evidence indicates that sex differences may alter the effectiveness of Cr. Therefore, we systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of Cr + RT on measures of upper- and lower-body strength and muscle mass in older females. A systematic literature search was performed in nine electronic databases. Ten RCTs (N = 211 participants) were included the review. Overall, Cr significantly increased measures of upper-body strength (7 studies, n = 142, p = 0.04), with no effect on lower-body strength or measures of muscle mass. Sub-analyses revealed that both upper-body (4 studies, n = 97, p = 0.05) and lower-body strength (4 studies, n = 100, p = 0.03) were increased by Cr, compared to placebo in studies ≥ 24 weeks in duration. In conclusion, older females supplementing with Cr experience significant gains in muscle strength, especially when RT lasts for at least 24 weeks in duration. However, given the level of evidence, future high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings. MDPI 2021-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8619193/ /pubmed/34836013 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113757 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
dos Santos, Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro
de Araújo, Rodrigo Cappato
Candow, Darren G.
Forbes, Scott C.
Guijo, Jaddy Antunes
de Almeida Santana, Carla Caroliny
do Prado, Wagner Luiz
Botero, João Paulo
Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort efficacy of creatine supplementation combined with resistance training on muscle strength and muscle mass in older females: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34836013
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113757
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