Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice

INTRODUCTION: The fetal thymus may be visualized using ultrasonography (USG) and is typically located in the mediastinum. In the past years, the size of the fetal thymus has served not only as a marker of genetic or heart defects but also as a predictive factor for intrauterine growth restriction, p...

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Autores principales: Zych-Krekora, Katarzyna, Krekora, Michał, Słodki, Maciej, Grzesiak, Mariusz, Kaczmarek, Piotr, Zeman, Krzysztof, Respondek-Liberska, Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Termedia Publishing House 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8641501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34900046
http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.86189
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author Zych-Krekora, Katarzyna
Krekora, Michał
Słodki, Maciej
Grzesiak, Mariusz
Kaczmarek, Piotr
Zeman, Krzysztof
Respondek-Liberska, Maria
author_facet Zych-Krekora, Katarzyna
Krekora, Michał
Słodki, Maciej
Grzesiak, Mariusz
Kaczmarek, Piotr
Zeman, Krzysztof
Respondek-Liberska, Maria
author_sort Zych-Krekora, Katarzyna
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The fetal thymus may be visualized using ultrasonography (USG) and is typically located in the mediastinum. In the past years, the size of the fetal thymus has served not only as a marker of genetic or heart defects but also as a predictive factor for intrauterine growth restriction, premature birth, preeclampsia, chorioamnionitis or even neonatal sepsis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 410 fetuses were qualified for the study. Fetuses with heart defects were excluded from the study. The fetal thymus was evaluated with ultrasonography between the 14(th) and 40(th) week of gestation. After obtaining a standard transverse view encompassing the three great vessels, thymus measurements were attempted, i.e. maximal transverse diameter, circumference and surface area. Linear regression was used for statistical analysis, yielding 3 models, each with a different dependent variable. The confidence interval for each model was set at 80% to aid the comparison with centile grid growth charts for neonates and children. The test was regarded as statistically significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS: From a total of 410 fetuses the thymus transverse diameter, circumference and area were successfully measured in 410, 320 and 330 cases, respectively. The probabilities are lower than 0.0005 for each model, which means that each model is quite statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The coverage of healthy thymus nomograms in the fetal population may be the basis for the identification of fetuses at risk of hypoplasia or thymic hyperplasia, which seems particularly important from the point of view of the detection of potential inborn immunological disorders
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spelling pubmed-86415012021-12-09 Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice Zych-Krekora, Katarzyna Krekora, Michał Słodki, Maciej Grzesiak, Mariusz Kaczmarek, Piotr Zeman, Krzysztof Respondek-Liberska, Maria Arch Med Sci Clinical Research INTRODUCTION: The fetal thymus may be visualized using ultrasonography (USG) and is typically located in the mediastinum. In the past years, the size of the fetal thymus has served not only as a marker of genetic or heart defects but also as a predictive factor for intrauterine growth restriction, premature birth, preeclampsia, chorioamnionitis or even neonatal sepsis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 410 fetuses were qualified for the study. Fetuses with heart defects were excluded from the study. The fetal thymus was evaluated with ultrasonography between the 14(th) and 40(th) week of gestation. After obtaining a standard transverse view encompassing the three great vessels, thymus measurements were attempted, i.e. maximal transverse diameter, circumference and surface area. Linear regression was used for statistical analysis, yielding 3 models, each with a different dependent variable. The confidence interval for each model was set at 80% to aid the comparison with centile grid growth charts for neonates and children. The test was regarded as statistically significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS: From a total of 410 fetuses the thymus transverse diameter, circumference and area were successfully measured in 410, 320 and 330 cases, respectively. The probabilities are lower than 0.0005 for each model, which means that each model is quite statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The coverage of healthy thymus nomograms in the fetal population may be the basis for the identification of fetuses at risk of hypoplasia or thymic hyperplasia, which seems particularly important from the point of view of the detection of potential inborn immunological disorders Termedia Publishing House 2019-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8641501/ /pubmed/34900046 http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.86189 Text en Copyright: © 2019 Termedia & Banach https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
spellingShingle Clinical Research
Zych-Krekora, Katarzyna
Krekora, Michał
Słodki, Maciej
Grzesiak, Mariusz
Kaczmarek, Piotr
Zeman, Krzysztof
Respondek-Liberska, Maria
Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice
title Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice
title_full Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice
title_fullStr Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice
title_full_unstemmed Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice
title_short Nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice
title_sort nomograms of the fetal thymus for clinical practice
topic Clinical Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8641501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34900046
http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.86189
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