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Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize
BACKGROUND: Aflatoxins are carcinogenic compounds produced by certain species of Aspergillus fungi. The consumption of crops contaminated with this toxin cause serious detrimental health effects, including death, in both livestock and humans. As a consequence, both the detection and quantification o...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8684248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34920704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12896-021-00730-6 |
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author | Schmidt, Monica A. Mao, Yizhou Opoku, Joseph Mehl, Hillary L. |
author_facet | Schmidt, Monica A. Mao, Yizhou Opoku, Joseph Mehl, Hillary L. |
author_sort | Schmidt, Monica A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Aflatoxins are carcinogenic compounds produced by certain species of Aspergillus fungi. The consumption of crops contaminated with this toxin cause serious detrimental health effects, including death, in both livestock and humans. As a consequence, both the detection and quantification of this toxin in food/feed items is tightly regulated with crops exceeding the allowed limits eliminated from food chains. Globally, this toxin causes massive agricultural and economic losses each year. RESULTS: In this paper we investigate the feasibility of using an aflatoxin-degrading enzyme strategy to reduce/eliminate aflatoxin loads in developing maize kernels. We used an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeted sub-cellular compartmentalization stabilizing strategy to accumulate an aflatoxin-degrading enzyme isolated from the edible Honey mushroom Armillariella tabescens and expressed it in embryo tissue in developing maize kernels. Three transgenic maize lines that were determined to be expressing the aflatoxin-degrading enzyme both at the RNA and protein level, were challenged with the aflatoxin-producing strain Aspergillus flavus AF13 and shown to accumulate non-detectable levels of aflatoxin at 14-days post-infection and significantly reduced levels of aflatoxin at 30-days post-infection compared to nontransgenic control Aspergillus-challenged samples. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of an aflatoxin-degrading enzyme in developing maize kernels was shown to be an effective means to control aflatoxin in maize in pre-harvest conditions. This aflatoxin-degradation strategy could play a significant role in the enhancement of both US and global food security and sustainability. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00730-6. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8684248 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86842482021-12-20 Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize Schmidt, Monica A. Mao, Yizhou Opoku, Joseph Mehl, Hillary L. BMC Biotechnol Research BACKGROUND: Aflatoxins are carcinogenic compounds produced by certain species of Aspergillus fungi. The consumption of crops contaminated with this toxin cause serious detrimental health effects, including death, in both livestock and humans. As a consequence, both the detection and quantification of this toxin in food/feed items is tightly regulated with crops exceeding the allowed limits eliminated from food chains. Globally, this toxin causes massive agricultural and economic losses each year. RESULTS: In this paper we investigate the feasibility of using an aflatoxin-degrading enzyme strategy to reduce/eliminate aflatoxin loads in developing maize kernels. We used an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeted sub-cellular compartmentalization stabilizing strategy to accumulate an aflatoxin-degrading enzyme isolated from the edible Honey mushroom Armillariella tabescens and expressed it in embryo tissue in developing maize kernels. Three transgenic maize lines that were determined to be expressing the aflatoxin-degrading enzyme both at the RNA and protein level, were challenged with the aflatoxin-producing strain Aspergillus flavus AF13 and shown to accumulate non-detectable levels of aflatoxin at 14-days post-infection and significantly reduced levels of aflatoxin at 30-days post-infection compared to nontransgenic control Aspergillus-challenged samples. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of an aflatoxin-degrading enzyme in developing maize kernels was shown to be an effective means to control aflatoxin in maize in pre-harvest conditions. This aflatoxin-degradation strategy could play a significant role in the enhancement of both US and global food security and sustainability. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00730-6. BioMed Central 2021-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8684248/ /pubmed/34920704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12896-021-00730-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Schmidt, Monica A. Mao, Yizhou Opoku, Joseph Mehl, Hillary L. Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize |
title | Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize |
title_full | Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize |
title_fullStr | Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize |
title_full_unstemmed | Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize |
title_short | Enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize |
title_sort | enzymatic degradation is an effective means to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8684248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34920704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12896-021-00730-6 |
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