Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study
BACKGROUND: Thiazole-based Schiff base compounds display significant pharmacological potential with an ability to modulate the activity of many enzymes involved in metabolism. They also demonstrated to have antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities....
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8697436/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34949213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13065-021-00791-w |
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author | Lemilemu, Fitsum Bitew, Mamaru Demissie, Taye B. Eswaramoorthy, Rajalakshmanan Endale, Milkyas |
author_facet | Lemilemu, Fitsum Bitew, Mamaru Demissie, Taye B. Eswaramoorthy, Rajalakshmanan Endale, Milkyas |
author_sort | Lemilemu, Fitsum |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Thiazole-based Schiff base compounds display significant pharmacological potential with an ability to modulate the activity of many enzymes involved in metabolism. They also demonstrated to have antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities. In this work, conventional and green approaches using ZnO nanoparticles as catalyst were used to synthesize thiazole-based Schiff base compounds. RESULTS: Among the synthesized compounds, 11 showed good activities towards Gram-negative E. coli (14.40 ± 0.04), and Gram-positive S. aureus (15.00 ± 0.01 mm), respectively, at 200 μg/mL compared to amoxicillin (18.00 ± 0.01 mm and 17.00 ± 0.04). Compounds 7 and 9 displayed better DPPH radical scavenging potency with IC(50) values of 3.6 and 3.65 μg/mL, respectively, compared to ascorbic acid (3.91 μg/mL). The binding affinity of the synthesized compounds against DNA gyrase B is within − 7.5 to − 6.0 kcal/mol, compared to amoxicillin (− 6.1 kcal/mol). The highest binding affinity was achieved for compounds 9 and 11 (− 6.9, and − 7.5 kcal/mol, respectively). Compounds 7 and 9 displayed the binding affinity values of − 5.3 to − 5.2 kcal/mol, respectively, against human peroxiredoxin 5. These values are higher than that of ascorbic acid (− 4.9 kcal/mol), in good agreement with the experimental findings. In silico cytotoxicity predictions showed that the synthesized compounds Lethal Dose (LD(50)) value are class three (50 ≤ LD(50) ≤ 300), indicating that the compounds could be categorized under toxic class. Density functional theory calculations showed that the synthesized compounds have small band gap energies ranging from 1.795 to 2.242 eV, demonstrating that the compounds have good reactivities. CONCLUSIONS: The synthesized compounds showed moderate to high antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The in vitro antibacterial activity and molecular docking analysis showed that compound 11 is a promising antibacterial therapeutics agent against E. coli, whereas compounds 7 and 9 were found to be promising antioxidant agents. Moreover, the green synthesis approach using ZnO nanoparticles as catalyst was found to be a very efficient method to synthesize biologically active compounds compared to the conventional method. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13065-021-00791-w. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8697436 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86974362022-01-05 Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study Lemilemu, Fitsum Bitew, Mamaru Demissie, Taye B. Eswaramoorthy, Rajalakshmanan Endale, Milkyas BMC Chem Research Article BACKGROUND: Thiazole-based Schiff base compounds display significant pharmacological potential with an ability to modulate the activity of many enzymes involved in metabolism. They also demonstrated to have antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities. In this work, conventional and green approaches using ZnO nanoparticles as catalyst were used to synthesize thiazole-based Schiff base compounds. RESULTS: Among the synthesized compounds, 11 showed good activities towards Gram-negative E. coli (14.40 ± 0.04), and Gram-positive S. aureus (15.00 ± 0.01 mm), respectively, at 200 μg/mL compared to amoxicillin (18.00 ± 0.01 mm and 17.00 ± 0.04). Compounds 7 and 9 displayed better DPPH radical scavenging potency with IC(50) values of 3.6 and 3.65 μg/mL, respectively, compared to ascorbic acid (3.91 μg/mL). The binding affinity of the synthesized compounds against DNA gyrase B is within − 7.5 to − 6.0 kcal/mol, compared to amoxicillin (− 6.1 kcal/mol). The highest binding affinity was achieved for compounds 9 and 11 (− 6.9, and − 7.5 kcal/mol, respectively). Compounds 7 and 9 displayed the binding affinity values of − 5.3 to − 5.2 kcal/mol, respectively, against human peroxiredoxin 5. These values are higher than that of ascorbic acid (− 4.9 kcal/mol), in good agreement with the experimental findings. In silico cytotoxicity predictions showed that the synthesized compounds Lethal Dose (LD(50)) value are class three (50 ≤ LD(50) ≤ 300), indicating that the compounds could be categorized under toxic class. Density functional theory calculations showed that the synthesized compounds have small band gap energies ranging from 1.795 to 2.242 eV, demonstrating that the compounds have good reactivities. CONCLUSIONS: The synthesized compounds showed moderate to high antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The in vitro antibacterial activity and molecular docking analysis showed that compound 11 is a promising antibacterial therapeutics agent against E. coli, whereas compounds 7 and 9 were found to be promising antioxidant agents. Moreover, the green synthesis approach using ZnO nanoparticles as catalyst was found to be a very efficient method to synthesize biologically active compounds compared to the conventional method. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13065-021-00791-w. Springer International Publishing 2021-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8697436/ /pubmed/34949213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13065-021-00791-w Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lemilemu, Fitsum Bitew, Mamaru Demissie, Taye B. Eswaramoorthy, Rajalakshmanan Endale, Milkyas Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study |
title | Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study |
title_full | Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study |
title_fullStr | Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study |
title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study |
title_short | Synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thiazole-based Schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study |
title_sort | synthesis, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of thiazole-based schiff base derivatives: a combined experimental and computational study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8697436/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34949213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13065-021-00791-w |
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