Cargando…

Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis

Hay milk is a traditional dairy product recently launched on the market. It is protected as “traditional specialty guaranteed” (TSG) and subjected to strict regulations. One of the most important restrictions is that the cow’s feed ration must be free from silage. There is the need for analytical me...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Imperiale, Sebastian, Kaneppele, Elke, Morozova, Ksenia, Fava, Federico, Martini-Lösch, Demian, Robatscher, Peter, Peratoner, Giovanni, Venir, Elena, Eisenstecken, Daniela, Scampicchio, Matteo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8700964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34945477
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10122926
_version_ 1784620884869251072
author Imperiale, Sebastian
Kaneppele, Elke
Morozova, Ksenia
Fava, Federico
Martini-Lösch, Demian
Robatscher, Peter
Peratoner, Giovanni
Venir, Elena
Eisenstecken, Daniela
Scampicchio, Matteo
author_facet Imperiale, Sebastian
Kaneppele, Elke
Morozova, Ksenia
Fava, Federico
Martini-Lösch, Demian
Robatscher, Peter
Peratoner, Giovanni
Venir, Elena
Eisenstecken, Daniela
Scampicchio, Matteo
author_sort Imperiale, Sebastian
collection PubMed
description Hay milk is a traditional dairy product recently launched on the market. It is protected as “traditional specialty guaranteed” (TSG) and subjected to strict regulations. One of the most important restrictions is that the cow’s feed ration must be free from silage. There is the need for analytical methods that can discriminate milk obtained from a feeding regime including silage. This study proposes two analytical approaches to assess the authenticity of hay milk. Hay milk and milk from cows fed either with maize or grass silage were analyzed by targeted GC-MS for cyclopropane fatty acid (dihydrosterculic acid, DHSA) detection, since this fatty acid is strictly related to the bacterial strains found in silage, and by HPLC-HRMS. The presence of DHSA was correlated to the presence of maize silage in the feed, whereas it was ambiguous with grass silage. HPLC-HRMS analysis resulted in the identification of 14 triacylglycerol biomarkers in milk. With the use of these biomarkers and multivariate statistical analysis, we were able to predict the use of maize and grass silage in the cow’s diet with 100% recognition. Our findings suggest that the use of analytical approaches based on HRMS is a viable authentication method for hay milk.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8700964
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-87009642021-12-24 Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis Imperiale, Sebastian Kaneppele, Elke Morozova, Ksenia Fava, Federico Martini-Lösch, Demian Robatscher, Peter Peratoner, Giovanni Venir, Elena Eisenstecken, Daniela Scampicchio, Matteo Foods Article Hay milk is a traditional dairy product recently launched on the market. It is protected as “traditional specialty guaranteed” (TSG) and subjected to strict regulations. One of the most important restrictions is that the cow’s feed ration must be free from silage. There is the need for analytical methods that can discriminate milk obtained from a feeding regime including silage. This study proposes two analytical approaches to assess the authenticity of hay milk. Hay milk and milk from cows fed either with maize or grass silage were analyzed by targeted GC-MS for cyclopropane fatty acid (dihydrosterculic acid, DHSA) detection, since this fatty acid is strictly related to the bacterial strains found in silage, and by HPLC-HRMS. The presence of DHSA was correlated to the presence of maize silage in the feed, whereas it was ambiguous with grass silage. HPLC-HRMS analysis resulted in the identification of 14 triacylglycerol biomarkers in milk. With the use of these biomarkers and multivariate statistical analysis, we were able to predict the use of maize and grass silage in the cow’s diet with 100% recognition. Our findings suggest that the use of analytical approaches based on HRMS is a viable authentication method for hay milk. MDPI 2021-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8700964/ /pubmed/34945477 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10122926 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Imperiale, Sebastian
Kaneppele, Elke
Morozova, Ksenia
Fava, Federico
Martini-Lösch, Demian
Robatscher, Peter
Peratoner, Giovanni
Venir, Elena
Eisenstecken, Daniela
Scampicchio, Matteo
Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis
title Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis
title_full Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis
title_fullStr Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis
title_short Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis
title_sort authenticity of hay milk vs. milk from maize or grass silage by lipid analysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8700964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34945477
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10122926
work_keys_str_mv AT imperialesebastian authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT kaneppeleelke authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT morozovaksenia authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT favafederico authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT martiniloschdemian authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT robatscherpeter authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT peratonergiovanni authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT venirelena authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT eisensteckendaniela authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis
AT scampicchiomatteo authenticityofhaymilkvsmilkfrommaizeorgrasssilagebylipidanalysis