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Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase

PrimPols are a class of primases that belong to the archaeo-eukaryotic primase (AEP) superfamily but have both primase and DNA polymerase activities. Replicative polymerase from NrS-1 phage (NrSPol) is a representative of the PrimPols. In this study, we identified key residues for the catalytic acti...

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Autores principales: Huang, Fengtao, Lu, Xueling, Yu, Chunxiao, Sliz, Piotr, Wang, Longfei, Zhu, Bin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8718748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34975792
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.766612
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author Huang, Fengtao
Lu, Xueling
Yu, Chunxiao
Sliz, Piotr
Wang, Longfei
Zhu, Bin
author_facet Huang, Fengtao
Lu, Xueling
Yu, Chunxiao
Sliz, Piotr
Wang, Longfei
Zhu, Bin
author_sort Huang, Fengtao
collection PubMed
description PrimPols are a class of primases that belong to the archaeo-eukaryotic primase (AEP) superfamily but have both primase and DNA polymerase activities. Replicative polymerase from NrS-1 phage (NrSPol) is a representative of the PrimPols. In this study, we identified key residues for the catalytic activity of NrSPol and found that a loop in NrSPol functionally replaces the zinc finger motif that is commonly found in other AEP family proteins. A helix bundle domain (HBD), conserved in the AEP superfamily, was recently reported to bind to the primase recognition site and to be crucial for initiation of primer synthesis. We found that NrSPol can recognize different primase recognition sites, and that the initiation site for primer synthesis is not stringent, suggesting that the HBD conformation is flexible. More importantly, we found that although the HBD-inactivating mutation impairs the primase activity of NrSPol, it significantly enhances the DNA polymerase activity, indicating that the HBD hinders the DNA polymerase activity. The conflict between the primase activity and the DNA polymerase activity in a single protein with the same catalytic domain may be one reason for why DNA polymerases are generally unable to synthesize DNA de novo.
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spelling pubmed-87187482022-01-01 Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase Huang, Fengtao Lu, Xueling Yu, Chunxiao Sliz, Piotr Wang, Longfei Zhu, Bin Front Microbiol Microbiology PrimPols are a class of primases that belong to the archaeo-eukaryotic primase (AEP) superfamily but have both primase and DNA polymerase activities. Replicative polymerase from NrS-1 phage (NrSPol) is a representative of the PrimPols. In this study, we identified key residues for the catalytic activity of NrSPol and found that a loop in NrSPol functionally replaces the zinc finger motif that is commonly found in other AEP family proteins. A helix bundle domain (HBD), conserved in the AEP superfamily, was recently reported to bind to the primase recognition site and to be crucial for initiation of primer synthesis. We found that NrSPol can recognize different primase recognition sites, and that the initiation site for primer synthesis is not stringent, suggesting that the HBD conformation is flexible. More importantly, we found that although the HBD-inactivating mutation impairs the primase activity of NrSPol, it significantly enhances the DNA polymerase activity, indicating that the HBD hinders the DNA polymerase activity. The conflict between the primase activity and the DNA polymerase activity in a single protein with the same catalytic domain may be one reason for why DNA polymerases are generally unable to synthesize DNA de novo. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8718748/ /pubmed/34975792 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.766612 Text en Copyright © 2021 Huang, Lu, Yu, Sliz, Wang and Zhu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Huang, Fengtao
Lu, Xueling
Yu, Chunxiao
Sliz, Piotr
Wang, Longfei
Zhu, Bin
Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase
title Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase
title_full Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase
title_fullStr Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase
title_short Molecular Dissection of the Primase and Polymerase Activities of Deep-Sea Phage NrS-1 Primase-Polymerase
title_sort molecular dissection of the primase and polymerase activities of deep-sea phage nrs-1 primase-polymerase
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8718748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34975792
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.766612
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