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Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems
Background: Through measurements of the heart rate variability (HRV) accompanied by the pertinent biomarker assays, the effects of nicotine and byproducts derived from alternative nicotine delivery systems (ANDS) on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hormonal system have been investigated. Metho...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35052800 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010121 |
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author | Menshov, Valerii A. Trofimov, Aleksei V. Zagurskaya, Alla V. Berdnikova, Nadezda G. Yablonskaya, Olga I. Platonova, Anna G. |
author_facet | Menshov, Valerii A. Trofimov, Aleksei V. Zagurskaya, Alla V. Berdnikova, Nadezda G. Yablonskaya, Olga I. Platonova, Anna G. |
author_sort | Menshov, Valerii A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Through measurements of the heart rate variability (HRV) accompanied by the pertinent biomarker assays, the effects of nicotine and byproducts derived from alternative nicotine delivery systems (ANDS) on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hormonal system have been investigated. Methods: HRV was studied in a group of volunteers (17 people), involving non-smokers, i.e., who never smoked before (11), ex-smokers (4) and active smokers (2). ANDS and smoking simulators, including regular, nicotine-free and electronic cigarettes; tobacco heating systems; chewing gums and nicotine packs of oral fixation (nic-packs), were used. Blood pressure, levels of stress hormones in saliva and catecholamines in the blood were also monitored. Results: HRV analysis showed relatively small changes in HRV and in the other studied parameters with the systemic use of nic-packs with low and moderate nicotine contents (up to 6 mg) compared to other ANDS. Conclusions: The HRV method is proven to be a promising technique for evaluation of the risks associated with smoking, dual use of various ANDS and studying the biomedical aspects of smoking cessation. Nic-packs are shown to be leaders in biological safety among the studied ANDS. A sharp surge in the activity of the sympathetic division of the ANS within the first minutes of the use of nicotine packs implies that nicotine begins to act already at very low doses (before entering the blood physically in any significant amount) through fast signal transmission to the brain from the nicotinic and taste buds located in the mouth area. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8773565 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87735652022-01-21 Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems Menshov, Valerii A. Trofimov, Aleksei V. Zagurskaya, Alla V. Berdnikova, Nadezda G. Yablonskaya, Olga I. Platonova, Anna G. Biomedicines Article Background: Through measurements of the heart rate variability (HRV) accompanied by the pertinent biomarker assays, the effects of nicotine and byproducts derived from alternative nicotine delivery systems (ANDS) on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hormonal system have been investigated. Methods: HRV was studied in a group of volunteers (17 people), involving non-smokers, i.e., who never smoked before (11), ex-smokers (4) and active smokers (2). ANDS and smoking simulators, including regular, nicotine-free and electronic cigarettes; tobacco heating systems; chewing gums and nicotine packs of oral fixation (nic-packs), were used. Blood pressure, levels of stress hormones in saliva and catecholamines in the blood were also monitored. Results: HRV analysis showed relatively small changes in HRV and in the other studied parameters with the systemic use of nic-packs with low and moderate nicotine contents (up to 6 mg) compared to other ANDS. Conclusions: The HRV method is proven to be a promising technique for evaluation of the risks associated with smoking, dual use of various ANDS and studying the biomedical aspects of smoking cessation. Nic-packs are shown to be leaders in biological safety among the studied ANDS. A sharp surge in the activity of the sympathetic division of the ANS within the first minutes of the use of nicotine packs implies that nicotine begins to act already at very low doses (before entering the blood physically in any significant amount) through fast signal transmission to the brain from the nicotinic and taste buds located in the mouth area. MDPI 2022-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8773565/ /pubmed/35052800 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010121 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Menshov, Valerii A. Trofimov, Aleksei V. Zagurskaya, Alla V. Berdnikova, Nadezda G. Yablonskaya, Olga I. Platonova, Anna G. Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems |
title | Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems |
title_full | Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems |
title_fullStr | Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems |
title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems |
title_short | Influence of Nicotine from Diverse Delivery Tools on the Autonomic Nervous and Hormonal Systems |
title_sort | influence of nicotine from diverse delivery tools on the autonomic nervous and hormonal systems |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8773565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35052800 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010121 |
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