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Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable
Water-soluble formulations of the pyrazole derivative 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-nitrophenylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (CR232), which were proven to have in vitro antiproliferative effects on different cancer cell lines, were prepared by two diverse nanotechnological approaches. Importantly, wit...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780786/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35055251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020233 |
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author | Alfei, Silvana Spallarossa, Andrea Lusardi, Matteo Zuccari, Guendalina |
author_facet | Alfei, Silvana Spallarossa, Andrea Lusardi, Matteo Zuccari, Guendalina |
author_sort | Alfei, Silvana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Water-soluble formulations of the pyrazole derivative 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-nitrophenylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (CR232), which were proven to have in vitro antiproliferative effects on different cancer cell lines, were prepared by two diverse nanotechnological approaches. Importantly, without using harmful organic solvents or additives potentially toxic to humans, CR232 was firstly entrapped in a biodegradable fifth-generation dendrimer containing lysine (G5K). CR232-G5K nanoparticles (CR232-G5K NPs) were obtained with high loading (DL%) and encapsulation efficiency (EE%), which showed a complex but quantitative release profile governed by Weibull kinetics. Secondly, starting from hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, we prepared biocompatible CR232-loaded liposomes (CR232-SUVs), which displayed DL% and EE% values increasing with the increase in the lipids/CR232 ratio initially adopted and showed a constant prolonged release profile ruled by zero-order kinetics. When relevant, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments, as well as potentiometric titrations completed the characterization of the prepared NPs. CR232-G5K NPs were 2311-fold more water-soluble than the pristine CR232, and the CR232-SUVs with the highest DL% were 1764-fold more soluble than the untreated CR232, thus establishing the success of both our strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8780786 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87807862022-01-22 Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable Alfei, Silvana Spallarossa, Andrea Lusardi, Matteo Zuccari, Guendalina Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Water-soluble formulations of the pyrazole derivative 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-nitrophenylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (CR232), which were proven to have in vitro antiproliferative effects on different cancer cell lines, were prepared by two diverse nanotechnological approaches. Importantly, without using harmful organic solvents or additives potentially toxic to humans, CR232 was firstly entrapped in a biodegradable fifth-generation dendrimer containing lysine (G5K). CR232-G5K nanoparticles (CR232-G5K NPs) were obtained with high loading (DL%) and encapsulation efficiency (EE%), which showed a complex but quantitative release profile governed by Weibull kinetics. Secondly, starting from hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, we prepared biocompatible CR232-loaded liposomes (CR232-SUVs), which displayed DL% and EE% values increasing with the increase in the lipids/CR232 ratio initially adopted and showed a constant prolonged release profile ruled by zero-order kinetics. When relevant, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments, as well as potentiometric titrations completed the characterization of the prepared NPs. CR232-G5K NPs were 2311-fold more water-soluble than the pristine CR232, and the CR232-SUVs with the highest DL% were 1764-fold more soluble than the untreated CR232, thus establishing the success of both our strategies. MDPI 2022-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8780786/ /pubmed/35055251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020233 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alfei, Silvana Spallarossa, Andrea Lusardi, Matteo Zuccari, Guendalina Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable |
title | Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable |
title_full | Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable |
title_fullStr | Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable |
title_full_unstemmed | Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable |
title_short | Successful Dendrimer and Liposome-Based Strategies to Solubilize an Antiproliferative Pyrazole Otherwise Not Clinically Applicable |
title_sort | successful dendrimer and liposome-based strategies to solubilize an antiproliferative pyrazole otherwise not clinically applicable |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8780786/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35055251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020233 |
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