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Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR
Autonomous parking valet systems improve users’ comfort, helping with the task of searching for a parking space and parking maneuvering; and due to the simple infrastructure design and low speeds, this maneuver is quite feasible for automated vehicles. Various demonstrations have been performed in b...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839976/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030979 |
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author | Jiménez, Felipe Clavijo, Miguel Cerrato, Alejandro |
author_facet | Jiménez, Felipe Clavijo, Miguel Cerrato, Alejandro |
author_sort | Jiménez, Felipe |
collection | PubMed |
description | Autonomous parking valet systems improve users’ comfort, helping with the task of searching for a parking space and parking maneuvering; and due to the simple infrastructure design and low speeds, this maneuver is quite feasible for automated vehicles. Various demonstrations have been performed in both closed parking and in open air parking; scenarios that allow the use of specific technological tools for navigation and searching for a parking space. However, there are still challenges. The purpose of this paper was the integration of perception, positioning, decision-making, and maneuvering algorithms for the control of an autonomous vehicle in a parking lot with the support of a single LiDAR sensor, and with no additional sensors in the infrastructure. Based on a digital map, which was as simplified as possible, the driver can choose the range of parking spaces in which the vehicle must look for a space. From that moment on, the vehicle moves, looking for free places until an available one in the range selected by the driver is found. Then, the vehicle performs the parking maneuver, choosing between two alternatives to optimize the required space. Tests in a real parking lot, with spaces covered with metallic canopies, showed an accurate behavior. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8839976 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88399762022-02-13 Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR Jiménez, Felipe Clavijo, Miguel Cerrato, Alejandro Sensors (Basel) Article Autonomous parking valet systems improve users’ comfort, helping with the task of searching for a parking space and parking maneuvering; and due to the simple infrastructure design and low speeds, this maneuver is quite feasible for automated vehicles. Various demonstrations have been performed in both closed parking and in open air parking; scenarios that allow the use of specific technological tools for navigation and searching for a parking space. However, there are still challenges. The purpose of this paper was the integration of perception, positioning, decision-making, and maneuvering algorithms for the control of an autonomous vehicle in a parking lot with the support of a single LiDAR sensor, and with no additional sensors in the infrastructure. Based on a digital map, which was as simplified as possible, the driver can choose the range of parking spaces in which the vehicle must look for a space. From that moment on, the vehicle moves, looking for free places until an available one in the range selected by the driver is found. Then, the vehicle performs the parking maneuver, choosing between two alternatives to optimize the required space. Tests in a real parking lot, with spaces covered with metallic canopies, showed an accurate behavior. MDPI 2022-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8839976/ /pubmed/35161726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030979 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jiménez, Felipe Clavijo, Miguel Cerrato, Alejandro Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR |
title | Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR |
title_full | Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR |
title_fullStr | Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR |
title_full_unstemmed | Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR |
title_short | Perception, Positioning and Decision-Making Algorithms Adaptation for an Autonomous Valet Parking System Based on Infrastructure Reference Points Using One Single LiDAR |
title_sort | perception, positioning and decision-making algorithms adaptation for an autonomous valet parking system based on infrastructure reference points using one single lidar |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839976/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030979 |
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