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Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study
SIMPLE SUMMARY: In competitive alpine skiing, a stable trunk plays an important role in increasing performance and preventing injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability to stabilize the trunk during so-called deadbug bridging (DBB) exercises, a stabilizing, dynamic movemen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8869284/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205195 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11020329 |
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author | Strutzenberger, Gerda Ellenberger, Lynn Bruhin, Björn Frey, Walter O. Scherr, Johannes Spörri, Jörg |
author_facet | Strutzenberger, Gerda Ellenberger, Lynn Bruhin, Björn Frey, Walter O. Scherr, Johannes Spörri, Jörg |
author_sort | Strutzenberger, Gerda |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: In competitive alpine skiing, a stable trunk plays an important role in increasing performance and preventing injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability to stabilize the trunk during so-called deadbug bridging (DBB) exercises, a stabilizing, dynamic movement task in the supine position with the pelvis lifted and unilateral leg raising, in 6- to 15-year-old skiers. Trunk stabilization performance was better in female skiers of the under 15-year (U15) category than in their male counterparts, whereas there was no sex difference at ages under 10 years (U10). The only potential confounder when testing youth skiers revealed being body height, but only in female U10 skiers. In summary, this study provided sport-specific normative reference data that may be of equal interest to both researchers and sport practitioners. ABSTRACT: In competitive alpine skiing, a superior antirotation and rear-chain stabilization capacity is essential to constantly remain in dynamic equilibrium while skiing and to counteract the ski-specific adverse loading patterns of the back. As such, skiers’ trunk stabilization performance during deadbug bridging (DBB) exercises has been shown to be associated with both skiing performance and overuse complaints of the lower back in skiers under 16 years of age (U16). However, to date, little is known about the corresponding stabilization abilities in younger skiers, i.e., 6- to 15-year-old skiers. As part of a biomechanical field experiment during a national off-snow fitness competition, a total of 101 youth competitive alpine skiers were tested with respect to their trunk stabilization performance during DDB exercise. The maximum contralateral displacement of the pelvic drop during leg lift (DBB(displacement)) was quantified using reflective markers and a motion capture system (Vicon, Oxford, UK). Potential age group and sex differences in DBB(displacement) were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p < 0.05. Within each subgroup, the associations of DBB(displacement) with age, anthropometrics and maturity offset were analysed using Pearson’s correlation (p < 0.05). Female skiers under 15 years of age (U15) showed better DBB performance than male U15 skiers, while there was no sex difference at the under 10-year (U10) level. In female U10 skiers, DBB(displacement) was moderately associated with body height, while in all other subgroups, no confounding associations with anthropometrics or biological maturation were found. Biomechanically quantifying DBB performance may be considered a feasible and nonconfounded screening test approach in young skiers older than 6 years. Body height may represent a confounding bias in exclusively the U10 female skier cohort and, therefore, should be considered when interpreting the test results. In summary, this study provided sport-specific normative reference data that may be of equal interest to both researchers and sport practitioners. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8869284 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88692842022-02-25 Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study Strutzenberger, Gerda Ellenberger, Lynn Bruhin, Björn Frey, Walter O. Scherr, Johannes Spörri, Jörg Biology (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: In competitive alpine skiing, a stable trunk plays an important role in increasing performance and preventing injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability to stabilize the trunk during so-called deadbug bridging (DBB) exercises, a stabilizing, dynamic movement task in the supine position with the pelvis lifted and unilateral leg raising, in 6- to 15-year-old skiers. Trunk stabilization performance was better in female skiers of the under 15-year (U15) category than in their male counterparts, whereas there was no sex difference at ages under 10 years (U10). The only potential confounder when testing youth skiers revealed being body height, but only in female U10 skiers. In summary, this study provided sport-specific normative reference data that may be of equal interest to both researchers and sport practitioners. ABSTRACT: In competitive alpine skiing, a superior antirotation and rear-chain stabilization capacity is essential to constantly remain in dynamic equilibrium while skiing and to counteract the ski-specific adverse loading patterns of the back. As such, skiers’ trunk stabilization performance during deadbug bridging (DBB) exercises has been shown to be associated with both skiing performance and overuse complaints of the lower back in skiers under 16 years of age (U16). However, to date, little is known about the corresponding stabilization abilities in younger skiers, i.e., 6- to 15-year-old skiers. As part of a biomechanical field experiment during a national off-snow fitness competition, a total of 101 youth competitive alpine skiers were tested with respect to their trunk stabilization performance during DDB exercise. The maximum contralateral displacement of the pelvic drop during leg lift (DBB(displacement)) was quantified using reflective markers and a motion capture system (Vicon, Oxford, UK). Potential age group and sex differences in DBB(displacement) were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p < 0.05. Within each subgroup, the associations of DBB(displacement) with age, anthropometrics and maturity offset were analysed using Pearson’s correlation (p < 0.05). Female skiers under 15 years of age (U15) showed better DBB performance than male U15 skiers, while there was no sex difference at the under 10-year (U10) level. In female U10 skiers, DBB(displacement) was moderately associated with body height, while in all other subgroups, no confounding associations with anthropometrics or biological maturation were found. Biomechanically quantifying DBB performance may be considered a feasible and nonconfounded screening test approach in young skiers older than 6 years. Body height may represent a confounding bias in exclusively the U10 female skier cohort and, therefore, should be considered when interpreting the test results. In summary, this study provided sport-specific normative reference data that may be of equal interest to both researchers and sport practitioners. MDPI 2022-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8869284/ /pubmed/35205195 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11020329 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Strutzenberger, Gerda Ellenberger, Lynn Bruhin, Björn Frey, Walter O. Scherr, Johannes Spörri, Jörg Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title | Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full | Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_fullStr | Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_short | Deadbug Bridging Performance in 6- to 15-Year-Old Competitive Alpine Skiers—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_sort | deadbug bridging performance in 6- to 15-year-old competitive alpine skiers—a cross-sectional study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8869284/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205195 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11020329 |
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