Endometrial epithelial cells-derived exosomes deliver microRNA-30c to block the BCL9/Wnt/CD44 signaling and inhibit cell invasion and migration in ovarian endometriosis

Endometriosis (EMs) is a benign gynecological disorder showing some tumor-like migratory and invasive phenotypes. This study intended to investigate the role of microRNA-30c (miR-30c) in EMs, which is involved with B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9), an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. EMs specimens were clinically collected for determination of miR-30c and BCL9 expression. Exosomes were isolated from endometrial epithelial cells (EECs), and the uptake of exosomes by ectopic EECs (ecto-EECs) was characterized using fluorescence staining and confocal microscopy. The binding of miR-30c to BCL9 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Artificial modulation (up- and down-regulation) of the miR-30c/BCL9/Wnt/CD44 regulatory cascade was performed to evaluate its effect on ecto-EEC invasion and migration, as detected by Transwell and wound healing assays. A mouse model of EMs was further established for in vivo substantiation. Reduced miR-30c expression and elevated BCL9 expression was revealed in EMs ectopic tissues and ecto-EECs. Normal EECs-derived exosomes delivered miR-30c to ecto-EECs to suppress their invasive and migratory potentials. Then, miR-30c was observed to inhibit biological behaviors of ecto-EECs by targeting BCL9, and the miR-30c-induced inhibitory effect was reversed by BCL9 overexpression. Further, miR-30c diminished the invasion and migration of ecto-EECs by blocking the BCL9/Wnt/CD44 axis. Moreover, miR-30c-loaded exosomes attenuated the metastasis of ecto-EEC ectopic nodules. miR-30c delivered by EECs-derived exosomes repressed BCL9 expression to block the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus attenuating the tumor-like behaviors of ecto-EECs in EMs.