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The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium
Virulence gene expression can represent a substantial fitness cost to pathogenic bacteria. In the model entero-pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Tm), such cost favors emergence of attenuated variants during infections that harbor mutations in transcriptional activators of virulence genes (e.g., hil...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9017878/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35389980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001608 |
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author | Sobota, Malgorzata Rodilla Ramirez, Pilar Natalia Cambré, Alexander Rocker, Andrea Mortier, Julien Gervais, Théo Haas, Tiphaine Cornillet, Delphine Chauvin, Dany Hug, Isabelle Julou, Thomas Aertsen, Abram Diard, Médéric |
author_facet | Sobota, Malgorzata Rodilla Ramirez, Pilar Natalia Cambré, Alexander Rocker, Andrea Mortier, Julien Gervais, Théo Haas, Tiphaine Cornillet, Delphine Chauvin, Dany Hug, Isabelle Julou, Thomas Aertsen, Abram Diard, Médéric |
author_sort | Sobota, Malgorzata |
collection | PubMed |
description | Virulence gene expression can represent a substantial fitness cost to pathogenic bacteria. In the model entero-pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Tm), such cost favors emergence of attenuated variants during infections that harbor mutations in transcriptional activators of virulence genes (e.g., hilD and hilC). Therefore, understanding the cost of virulence and how it relates to virulence regulation could allow the identification and modulation of ecological factors to drive the evolution of S.Tm toward attenuation. In this study, investigations of membrane status and stress resistance demonstrate that the wild-type (WT) expression level of virulence factors embedded in the envelope increases membrane permeability and sensitizes S.Tm to membrane stress. This is independent from a previously described growth defect associated with virulence gene expression in S.Tm. Pretreating the bacteria with sublethal stress inhibited virulence expression and increased stress resistance. This trade-off between virulence and stress resistance could explain the repression of virulence expression in response to harsh environments in S.Tm. Moreover, we show that virulence-associated stress sensitivity is a burden during infection in mice, contributing to the inherent instability of S.Tm virulence. As most bacterial pathogens critically rely on deploying virulence factors in their membrane, our findings could have a broad impact toward the development of antivirulence strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9017878 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90178782022-04-20 The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium Sobota, Malgorzata Rodilla Ramirez, Pilar Natalia Cambré, Alexander Rocker, Andrea Mortier, Julien Gervais, Théo Haas, Tiphaine Cornillet, Delphine Chauvin, Dany Hug, Isabelle Julou, Thomas Aertsen, Abram Diard, Médéric PLoS Biol Short Reports Virulence gene expression can represent a substantial fitness cost to pathogenic bacteria. In the model entero-pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Tm), such cost favors emergence of attenuated variants during infections that harbor mutations in transcriptional activators of virulence genes (e.g., hilD and hilC). Therefore, understanding the cost of virulence and how it relates to virulence regulation could allow the identification and modulation of ecological factors to drive the evolution of S.Tm toward attenuation. In this study, investigations of membrane status and stress resistance demonstrate that the wild-type (WT) expression level of virulence factors embedded in the envelope increases membrane permeability and sensitizes S.Tm to membrane stress. This is independent from a previously described growth defect associated with virulence gene expression in S.Tm. Pretreating the bacteria with sublethal stress inhibited virulence expression and increased stress resistance. This trade-off between virulence and stress resistance could explain the repression of virulence expression in response to harsh environments in S.Tm. Moreover, we show that virulence-associated stress sensitivity is a burden during infection in mice, contributing to the inherent instability of S.Tm virulence. As most bacterial pathogens critically rely on deploying virulence factors in their membrane, our findings could have a broad impact toward the development of antivirulence strategies. Public Library of Science 2022-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9017878/ /pubmed/35389980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001608 Text en © 2022 Sobota et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Short Reports Sobota, Malgorzata Rodilla Ramirez, Pilar Natalia Cambré, Alexander Rocker, Andrea Mortier, Julien Gervais, Théo Haas, Tiphaine Cornillet, Delphine Chauvin, Dany Hug, Isabelle Julou, Thomas Aertsen, Abram Diard, Médéric The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium |
title | The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium |
title_full | The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium |
title_fullStr | The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium |
title_full_unstemmed | The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium |
title_short | The expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in Salmonella Typhimurium |
title_sort | expression of virulence genes increases membrane permeability and sensitivity to envelope stress in salmonella typhimurium |
topic | Short Reports |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9017878/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35389980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001608 |
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