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Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus
Acidihalobacter is a genus of acidophilic, gram-negative bacteria known for its ability to oxidize pyrite minerals in the presence of elevated chloride ions, a capability rare in other iron-sulfur oxidizing acidophiles. Previous research involving Acidihalobacter spp. has focused on their applicabil...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9062700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35516430 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.848410 |
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author | Boase, Katelyn González, Carolina Vergara, Eva Neira, Gonzalo Holmes, David Watkin, Elizabeth |
author_facet | Boase, Katelyn González, Carolina Vergara, Eva Neira, Gonzalo Holmes, David Watkin, Elizabeth |
author_sort | Boase, Katelyn |
collection | PubMed |
description | Acidihalobacter is a genus of acidophilic, gram-negative bacteria known for its ability to oxidize pyrite minerals in the presence of elevated chloride ions, a capability rare in other iron-sulfur oxidizing acidophiles. Previous research involving Acidihalobacter spp. has focused on their applicability in saline biomining operations and their genetic arsenal that allows them to cope with chloride, metal and oxidative stress. However, an understanding of the molecular adaptations that enable Acidihalobacter spp. to thrive under both acid and chloride stress is needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how this genus can thrive in such extreme biomining conditions. Currently, four genomes of the Acidihalobacter genus have been sequenced: Acidihalobacter prosperus DSM 5130(T), Acidihalobacter yilgarnensis DSM 105917(T), Acidihalobacter aeolianus DSM 14174(T), and Acidihalobacter ferrooxydans DSM 14175(T). Phylogenetic analysis shows that the Acidihalobacter genus roots to the Chromatiales class consisting of mostly halophilic microorganisms. In this study, we aim to advance our knowledge of the genetic repertoire of the Acidihalobacter genus that has enabled it to cope with acidic stress. We provide evidence of gene gain events that are hypothesized to help the Acidihalobacter genus cope with acid stress. Potential acid tolerance mechanisms that were found in the Acidihalobacter genomes include multiple potassium transporters, chloride/proton antiporters, glutamate decarboxylase system, arginine decarboxylase system, urease system, slp genes, squalene synthesis, and hopanoid synthesis. Some of these genes are hypothesized to have entered the Acidihalobacter via vertical decent from an inferred non-acidophilic ancestor, however, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from other acidophilic lineages is probably responsible for the introduction of many acid resistance genes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9062700 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90627002022-05-04 Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus Boase, Katelyn González, Carolina Vergara, Eva Neira, Gonzalo Holmes, David Watkin, Elizabeth Front Microbiol Microbiology Acidihalobacter is a genus of acidophilic, gram-negative bacteria known for its ability to oxidize pyrite minerals in the presence of elevated chloride ions, a capability rare in other iron-sulfur oxidizing acidophiles. Previous research involving Acidihalobacter spp. has focused on their applicability in saline biomining operations and their genetic arsenal that allows them to cope with chloride, metal and oxidative stress. However, an understanding of the molecular adaptations that enable Acidihalobacter spp. to thrive under both acid and chloride stress is needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how this genus can thrive in such extreme biomining conditions. Currently, four genomes of the Acidihalobacter genus have been sequenced: Acidihalobacter prosperus DSM 5130(T), Acidihalobacter yilgarnensis DSM 105917(T), Acidihalobacter aeolianus DSM 14174(T), and Acidihalobacter ferrooxydans DSM 14175(T). Phylogenetic analysis shows that the Acidihalobacter genus roots to the Chromatiales class consisting of mostly halophilic microorganisms. In this study, we aim to advance our knowledge of the genetic repertoire of the Acidihalobacter genus that has enabled it to cope with acidic stress. We provide evidence of gene gain events that are hypothesized to help the Acidihalobacter genus cope with acid stress. Potential acid tolerance mechanisms that were found in the Acidihalobacter genomes include multiple potassium transporters, chloride/proton antiporters, glutamate decarboxylase system, arginine decarboxylase system, urease system, slp genes, squalene synthesis, and hopanoid synthesis. Some of these genes are hypothesized to have entered the Acidihalobacter via vertical decent from an inferred non-acidophilic ancestor, however, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from other acidophilic lineages is probably responsible for the introduction of many acid resistance genes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9062700/ /pubmed/35516430 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.848410 Text en Copyright © 2022 Boase, González, Vergara, Neira, Holmes and Watkin. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Boase, Katelyn González, Carolina Vergara, Eva Neira, Gonzalo Holmes, David Watkin, Elizabeth Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus |
title | Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus |
title_full | Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus |
title_fullStr | Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus |
title_full_unstemmed | Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus |
title_short | Prediction and Inferred Evolution of Acid Tolerance Genes in the Biotechnologically Important Acidihalobacter Genus |
title_sort | prediction and inferred evolution of acid tolerance genes in the biotechnologically important acidihalobacter genus |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9062700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35516430 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.848410 |
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