Norketamine, the Main Metabolite of Ketamine, Induces Mitochondria-Dependent and ER Stress-Triggered Apoptotic Death in Urothelial Cells via a Ca(2+)-Regulated ERK1/2-Activating Pathway

Ketamine-associated cystitis is characterized by suburothelial inflammation and urothelial cell death. Norketamine (NK), the main metabolite of ketamine, is abundant in urine following ketamine exposure. NK has been speculated to exert toxic effects in urothelial cells, similarly to ketamine. Howeve...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lin, Jhe-Wei, Lin, Yi-Chun, Liu, Jui-Ming, Liu, Shing-Hwa, Fang, Kai-Min, Hsu, Ren-Jun, Huang, Chun-Fa, Chang, Kai-Yao, Lee, Kuan-I, Chang, Kai-Chih, Su, Chin-Chuan, Chen, Ya-Wen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9102902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35563057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094666

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9102902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35563057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094666

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