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Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods

This work involves a comprehensive chemical composition analysis of leaf and cone samples of Lithuanian hop varieties. This study aimed to determine the chemometric properties of the leaves and cones of five Lithuanian hop varieties. Determined properties were the following: (a) xanthohumol content,...

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Autores principales: Stanius, Žydrūnas, Dūdėnas, Mantas, Kaškonienė, Vilma, Stankevičius, Mantas, Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta, Drevinskas, Tomas, Ragažinskienė, Ona, Obelevičius, Kęstutis, Maruška, Audrius
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9105605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35566057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092705
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author Stanius, Žydrūnas
Dūdėnas, Mantas
Kaškonienė, Vilma
Stankevičius, Mantas
Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta
Drevinskas, Tomas
Ragažinskienė, Ona
Obelevičius, Kęstutis
Maruška, Audrius
author_facet Stanius, Žydrūnas
Dūdėnas, Mantas
Kaškonienė, Vilma
Stankevičius, Mantas
Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta
Drevinskas, Tomas
Ragažinskienė, Ona
Obelevičius, Kęstutis
Maruška, Audrius
author_sort Stanius, Žydrūnas
collection PubMed
description This work involves a comprehensive chemical composition analysis of leaf and cone samples of Lithuanian hop varieties. This study aimed to determine the chemometric properties of the leaves and cones of five Lithuanian hop varieties. Determined properties were the following: (a) xanthohumol content, (b) phenolic compounds, (c) flavonoids, (d) radical scavenging activity, and (e) the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. The total content of phenolic compounds in aqueous 75% methanolic extracts varied between 31.4–78.2 mg of rutin equivalents (RE)/g, and the concentration of flavonoids was between 11.0–23.3 mg RE/g. Radical scavenging activity varied between 34.4–87.2 mg RE/g. A QUENCHER analysis procedure showed 91.7–168.5 mg RE/g of the total phenolic compound content, 12.7–21.4 mg RE/g of flavonoids, and 48.4–121.0 mg RE/g of radical scavenging activity. ‘Fredos taurieji’ and ‘Fredos derlingieji’ varieties have shown maximum values of phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity both in leaf and cone suspensions. These varieties accumulated a higher amount of xanthohumol in leaves. The concentration of xanthohumol in the samples varied between 0.0014–0.2136% of dry mass, with the highest concentration in the cones of ‘Kauno gražieji’. We identified 19 volatile compounds in leaves, and in cones, we identified 32. In both of them, α-humulene and β caryophyllene dominated. ‘Raudoniai’ leaves were exceptional in their aroma due to dominating compound nagina ketone (Kovats index 1306). The QUENCHER procedure has shown a great potential for the unextractable residue of hop raw material. Further investigation and valorization of different hop biomass components, not only cones, are essential.
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spelling pubmed-91056052022-05-14 Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods Stanius, Žydrūnas Dūdėnas, Mantas Kaškonienė, Vilma Stankevičius, Mantas Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta Drevinskas, Tomas Ragažinskienė, Ona Obelevičius, Kęstutis Maruška, Audrius Molecules Article This work involves a comprehensive chemical composition analysis of leaf and cone samples of Lithuanian hop varieties. This study aimed to determine the chemometric properties of the leaves and cones of five Lithuanian hop varieties. Determined properties were the following: (a) xanthohumol content, (b) phenolic compounds, (c) flavonoids, (d) radical scavenging activity, and (e) the qualitative composition of volatile compounds. The total content of phenolic compounds in aqueous 75% methanolic extracts varied between 31.4–78.2 mg of rutin equivalents (RE)/g, and the concentration of flavonoids was between 11.0–23.3 mg RE/g. Radical scavenging activity varied between 34.4–87.2 mg RE/g. A QUENCHER analysis procedure showed 91.7–168.5 mg RE/g of the total phenolic compound content, 12.7–21.4 mg RE/g of flavonoids, and 48.4–121.0 mg RE/g of radical scavenging activity. ‘Fredos taurieji’ and ‘Fredos derlingieji’ varieties have shown maximum values of phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity both in leaf and cone suspensions. These varieties accumulated a higher amount of xanthohumol in leaves. The concentration of xanthohumol in the samples varied between 0.0014–0.2136% of dry mass, with the highest concentration in the cones of ‘Kauno gražieji’. We identified 19 volatile compounds in leaves, and in cones, we identified 32. In both of them, α-humulene and β caryophyllene dominated. ‘Raudoniai’ leaves were exceptional in their aroma due to dominating compound nagina ketone (Kovats index 1306). The QUENCHER procedure has shown a great potential for the unextractable residue of hop raw material. Further investigation and valorization of different hop biomass components, not only cones, are essential. MDPI 2022-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9105605/ /pubmed/35566057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092705 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Stanius, Žydrūnas
Dūdėnas, Mantas
Kaškonienė, Vilma
Stankevičius, Mantas
Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta
Drevinskas, Tomas
Ragažinskienė, Ona
Obelevičius, Kęstutis
Maruška, Audrius
Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods
title Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods
title_full Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods
title_fullStr Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods
title_short Analysis of the Leaves and Cones of Lithuanian Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Varieties by Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods
title_sort analysis of the leaves and cones of lithuanian hops (humulus lupulus l.) varieties by chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9105605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35566057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092705
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