Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Food addiction (FA) and substance use (SU) have frequently been reported in patients with eating disorders (EDs). Our study aimed to assess the prevalence rates of FA and/or lifetime problematic alcohol and illicit drug use among patients with specific ED, such as: bulimia nervo...

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Autores principales: Miranda-Olivos, Romina, Agüera, Zaida, Granero, Roser, Vergeer, Rhianna R., Dieguez, Carlos, Jiménez-Murcia, Susana, Gearhardt, Ashley N., Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Akadémiai Kiadó 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9109624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35029544
http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2021.00087
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author Miranda-Olivos, Romina
Agüera, Zaida
Granero, Roser
Vergeer, Rhianna R.
Dieguez, Carlos
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Gearhardt, Ashley N.
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_facet Miranda-Olivos, Romina
Agüera, Zaida
Granero, Roser
Vergeer, Rhianna R.
Dieguez, Carlos
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Gearhardt, Ashley N.
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_sort Miranda-Olivos, Romina
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Food addiction (FA) and substance use (SU) have frequently been reported in patients with eating disorders (EDs). Our study aimed to assess the prevalence rates of FA and/or lifetime problematic alcohol and illicit drug use among patients with specific ED, such as: bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and other specified feeding and eating disorder (OSFED). We sought to identify clinical, psychopathological, and personality profiles involved in these addictive behavior-based phenotypes. METHODS: The total sample was 527 patients (176 BN, 115 BED, and 236 OSFED). FA was assessed through the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. To determine lifetime SU, a semi-structured clinical interview was carried out. RESULTS: Patients with BN had the highest rates of FA both with and without SU. No gender differences were obtained for the prevalence of current FA and/or lifetime SU. Patients reporting at least one addictive-related behavior exhibited increased clinical severity compared to those who reported none. Increased impulsivity (such as high lack of premeditation, sensation seeking, and positive urgency) and low self-directedness were differentiating factors for presenting one or two addictive behaviors. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Overall, patients presenting with at least one addictive-like behavior reported a poorer clinical status than those without. Also, patients with FA and SU exhibited a more dysfunctional profile characterized by high impulsivity and low self-directedness. These findings would support the need for targeted treatments to reduce impulsivity and increase self-directedness, especially in patients with any addictive-related behavior, as a step towards improving their treatment outcome.
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spelling pubmed-91096242022-05-31 Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders Miranda-Olivos, Romina Agüera, Zaida Granero, Roser Vergeer, Rhianna R. Dieguez, Carlos Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Gearhardt, Ashley N. Fernández-Aranda, Fernando J Behav Addict Article BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Food addiction (FA) and substance use (SU) have frequently been reported in patients with eating disorders (EDs). Our study aimed to assess the prevalence rates of FA and/or lifetime problematic alcohol and illicit drug use among patients with specific ED, such as: bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and other specified feeding and eating disorder (OSFED). We sought to identify clinical, psychopathological, and personality profiles involved in these addictive behavior-based phenotypes. METHODS: The total sample was 527 patients (176 BN, 115 BED, and 236 OSFED). FA was assessed through the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. To determine lifetime SU, a semi-structured clinical interview was carried out. RESULTS: Patients with BN had the highest rates of FA both with and without SU. No gender differences were obtained for the prevalence of current FA and/or lifetime SU. Patients reporting at least one addictive-related behavior exhibited increased clinical severity compared to those who reported none. Increased impulsivity (such as high lack of premeditation, sensation seeking, and positive urgency) and low self-directedness were differentiating factors for presenting one or two addictive behaviors. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Overall, patients presenting with at least one addictive-like behavior reported a poorer clinical status than those without. Also, patients with FA and SU exhibited a more dysfunctional profile characterized by high impulsivity and low self-directedness. These findings would support the need for targeted treatments to reduce impulsivity and increase self-directedness, especially in patients with any addictive-related behavior, as a step towards improving their treatment outcome. Akadémiai Kiadó 2022-01-13 2022-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9109624/ /pubmed/35029544 http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2021.00087 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Open Access. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the CC License is provided, and changes – if any – are indicated.
spellingShingle Article
Miranda-Olivos, Romina
Agüera, Zaida
Granero, Roser
Vergeer, Rhianna R.
Dieguez, Carlos
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Gearhardt, Ashley N.
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders
title Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders
title_full Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders
title_fullStr Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders
title_full_unstemmed Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders
title_short Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders
title_sort food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9109624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35029544
http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2021.00087
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