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Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface

Free fatty acids (FFAs) have strong antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria and are known as natural protective agents against bacterial infections. Growth of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is highly affected by the presence of antimicrobial FFAs, however, the response of...

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Autores principales: Thomasen, Rikke S. S., dos Santos, Patricia T., Sternkopf Lillebæk, Eva M., Skov, Marianne N., Kemp, Michael, Kallipolitis, Birgitte H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9133914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35633716
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.897682
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author Thomasen, Rikke S. S.
dos Santos, Patricia T.
Sternkopf Lillebæk, Eva M.
Skov, Marianne N.
Kemp, Michael
Kallipolitis, Birgitte H.
author_facet Thomasen, Rikke S. S.
dos Santos, Patricia T.
Sternkopf Lillebæk, Eva M.
Skov, Marianne N.
Kemp, Michael
Kallipolitis, Birgitte H.
author_sort Thomasen, Rikke S. S.
collection PubMed
description Free fatty acids (FFAs) have strong antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria and are known as natural protective agents against bacterial infections. Growth of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is highly affected by the presence of antimicrobial FFAs, however, the response of L. monocytogenes toward FFAs is not fully understood. Here, we explore how L. monocytogenes gains tolerance toward FFAs and present a novel mechanism conferring bacterial protection against FFA toxicity. Strains tolerant against the antimicrobial FFA palmitoleic acid were isolated and whole genome sequenced, and mutations were found in genes involved in wall teichoic acid (WTA) glycosylations. We show that mutation or deletion of lmo1079, which is essential for N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycosylation of WTAs, confer tolerance against several antimicrobial FFAs. The FFA tolerant strains are lacking GlcNAc on their WTAs, which result in a more hydrophilic surface. In line with this, we observed a reduced binding of FFAs to the surface of the FFA tolerant strains. Additionally, lack of GlcNAc on WTAs confers tolerance toward acid stress. Altogether, these findings support that GlcNAc modification of WTA plays an important role in the response of L. monocytogenes toward stress conditions encountered during growth as a saprophyte and pathogen, including FFA-rich environments. Most importantly, our data revealed that L. monocytogenes strains lacking GlcNAc on their WTAs are protected against FFA toxicity, because the FFAs are repulsed from the bacterial surface of GlcNAc-deficient strains.
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spelling pubmed-91339142022-05-27 Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface Thomasen, Rikke S. S. dos Santos, Patricia T. Sternkopf Lillebæk, Eva M. Skov, Marianne N. Kemp, Michael Kallipolitis, Birgitte H. Front Microbiol Microbiology Free fatty acids (FFAs) have strong antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria and are known as natural protective agents against bacterial infections. Growth of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is highly affected by the presence of antimicrobial FFAs, however, the response of L. monocytogenes toward FFAs is not fully understood. Here, we explore how L. monocytogenes gains tolerance toward FFAs and present a novel mechanism conferring bacterial protection against FFA toxicity. Strains tolerant against the antimicrobial FFA palmitoleic acid were isolated and whole genome sequenced, and mutations were found in genes involved in wall teichoic acid (WTA) glycosylations. We show that mutation or deletion of lmo1079, which is essential for N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycosylation of WTAs, confer tolerance against several antimicrobial FFAs. The FFA tolerant strains are lacking GlcNAc on their WTAs, which result in a more hydrophilic surface. In line with this, we observed a reduced binding of FFAs to the surface of the FFA tolerant strains. Additionally, lack of GlcNAc on WTAs confers tolerance toward acid stress. Altogether, these findings support that GlcNAc modification of WTA plays an important role in the response of L. monocytogenes toward stress conditions encountered during growth as a saprophyte and pathogen, including FFA-rich environments. Most importantly, our data revealed that L. monocytogenes strains lacking GlcNAc on their WTAs are protected against FFA toxicity, because the FFAs are repulsed from the bacterial surface of GlcNAc-deficient strains. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9133914/ /pubmed/35633716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.897682 Text en Copyright © 2022 Thomasen, dos Santos, Sternkopf Lillebæk, Skov, Kemp and Kallipolitis. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Thomasen, Rikke S. S.
dos Santos, Patricia T.
Sternkopf Lillebæk, Eva M.
Skov, Marianne N.
Kemp, Michael
Kallipolitis, Birgitte H.
Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface
title Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface
title_full Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface
title_fullStr Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface
title_full_unstemmed Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface
title_short Absence of N-Acetylglucosamine Glycosylation on Listeria monocytogenes Wall Teichoic Acids Promotes Fatty Acid Tolerance by Repulsion From the Bacterial Surface
title_sort absence of n-acetylglucosamine glycosylation on listeria monocytogenes wall teichoic acids promotes fatty acid tolerance by repulsion from the bacterial surface
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9133914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35633716
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.897682
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