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Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition

BACKGROUND: Although bovine milk is regarded as healthy and nutritious, its high content of saturated fatty acids (FA) may be harmful to cardiovascular health. Palmitic acid (C16:0) is the predominant saturated FA in milk with adverse health effects that could be countered by substituting it with hi...

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Autores principales: Knutsen, Tim Martin, Olsen, Hanne Gro, Ketto, Isaya Appelesy, Sundsaasen, Kristil Kindem, Kohler, Achim, Tafintseva, Valeria, Svendsen, Morten, Kent, Matthew Peter, Lien, Sigbjørn
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9137198/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35619070
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12711-022-00731-9
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author Knutsen, Tim Martin
Olsen, Hanne Gro
Ketto, Isaya Appelesy
Sundsaasen, Kristil Kindem
Kohler, Achim
Tafintseva, Valeria
Svendsen, Morten
Kent, Matthew Peter
Lien, Sigbjørn
author_facet Knutsen, Tim Martin
Olsen, Hanne Gro
Ketto, Isaya Appelesy
Sundsaasen, Kristil Kindem
Kohler, Achim
Tafintseva, Valeria
Svendsen, Morten
Kent, Matthew Peter
Lien, Sigbjørn
author_sort Knutsen, Tim Martin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Although bovine milk is regarded as healthy and nutritious, its high content of saturated fatty acids (FA) may be harmful to cardiovascular health. Palmitic acid (C16:0) is the predominant saturated FA in milk with adverse health effects that could be countered by substituting it with higher levels of unsaturated FA, such as oleic acid (C18:1cis-9). In this work, we performed genome-wide association analyses for milk fatty acids predicted from FTIR spectroscopy data using 1811 Norwegian Red cattle genotyped and imputed to a high-density 777k single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-array. In a follow-up analysis, we used imputed whole-genome sequence data to detect genetic variants that are involved in FTIR-predicted levels of C16:0 and C18:1cis-9 and explore the transcript profile and protein level of candidate genes. RESULTS: Genome-wise significant associations were detected for C16:0 on Bos taurus (BTA) autosomes 11, 16 and 27, and for C18:1cis-9 on BTA5, 13 and 19. Closer examination of a significant locus on BTA11 identified the PAEP gene, which encodes the milk protein β-lactoglobulin, as a particularly attractive positional candidate gene. At this locus, we discovered a tightly linked cluster of genetic variants in coding and regulatory sequences that have opposing effects on the levels of C16:0 and C18:1cis-9. The favourable haplotype, linked to reduced levels of C16:0 and increased levels of C18:1cis-9 was also associated with a marked reduction in PAEP expression and β-lactoglobulin protein levels. β-lactoglobulin is the most abundant whey protein in milk and lower levels are associated with important dairy production parameters such as improved cheese yield. CONCLUSIONS: The genetic variants detected in this study may be used in breeding to produce milk with an improved FA health-profile and enhanced cheese-making properties. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12711-022-00731-9.
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spelling pubmed-91371982022-05-28 Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition Knutsen, Tim Martin Olsen, Hanne Gro Ketto, Isaya Appelesy Sundsaasen, Kristil Kindem Kohler, Achim Tafintseva, Valeria Svendsen, Morten Kent, Matthew Peter Lien, Sigbjørn Genet Sel Evol Research Article BACKGROUND: Although bovine milk is regarded as healthy and nutritious, its high content of saturated fatty acids (FA) may be harmful to cardiovascular health. Palmitic acid (C16:0) is the predominant saturated FA in milk with adverse health effects that could be countered by substituting it with higher levels of unsaturated FA, such as oleic acid (C18:1cis-9). In this work, we performed genome-wide association analyses for milk fatty acids predicted from FTIR spectroscopy data using 1811 Norwegian Red cattle genotyped and imputed to a high-density 777k single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-array. In a follow-up analysis, we used imputed whole-genome sequence data to detect genetic variants that are involved in FTIR-predicted levels of C16:0 and C18:1cis-9 and explore the transcript profile and protein level of candidate genes. RESULTS: Genome-wise significant associations were detected for C16:0 on Bos taurus (BTA) autosomes 11, 16 and 27, and for C18:1cis-9 on BTA5, 13 and 19. Closer examination of a significant locus on BTA11 identified the PAEP gene, which encodes the milk protein β-lactoglobulin, as a particularly attractive positional candidate gene. At this locus, we discovered a tightly linked cluster of genetic variants in coding and regulatory sequences that have opposing effects on the levels of C16:0 and C18:1cis-9. The favourable haplotype, linked to reduced levels of C16:0 and increased levels of C18:1cis-9 was also associated with a marked reduction in PAEP expression and β-lactoglobulin protein levels. β-lactoglobulin is the most abundant whey protein in milk and lower levels are associated with important dairy production parameters such as improved cheese yield. CONCLUSIONS: The genetic variants detected in this study may be used in breeding to produce milk with an improved FA health-profile and enhanced cheese-making properties. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12711-022-00731-9. BioMed Central 2022-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9137198/ /pubmed/35619070 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12711-022-00731-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Knutsen, Tim Martin
Olsen, Hanne Gro
Ketto, Isaya Appelesy
Sundsaasen, Kristil Kindem
Kohler, Achim
Tafintseva, Valeria
Svendsen, Morten
Kent, Matthew Peter
Lien, Sigbjørn
Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition
title Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition
title_full Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition
title_fullStr Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition
title_full_unstemmed Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition
title_short Genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition
title_sort genetic variants associated with two major bovine milk fatty acids offer opportunities to breed for altered milk fat composition
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9137198/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35619070
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12711-022-00731-9
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