Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Butorphanol and Dexmedetomidine after Intranasal Administration in Broiler Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Butorphanol and dexmedetomidine (DXM) can produce analgesia in birds. Intranasal (IN) route of drug administration is easier, and free of risks such as pain and tissue damage compared with intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous routes in bird species, including wild birds. Although previous stud...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sha, Jin, Kongara, Kavitha, Singh, Preet, Jacob, Antony, Ponnampalam, Jeyamohan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143883/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35622740
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050212

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143883/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35622740
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050212

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