Cargando…

Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database

OBJECTIVES: Traditional methods for creating food composition databases struggle to cope with the large number of products and the rapid pace of turnover in the food supply. The objective is to overview the updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP2020), a big data approach for the evaluation of...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: L'Abbe, Mary, Franco-Arellano, Beatriz, Lee, Jennifer, Schermel, Alyssa, Weippert, Madyson, Ahmed, Mavra, Yang, Yahan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9194179/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac077.021
_version_ 1784726659851616256
author L'Abbe, Mary
Franco-Arellano, Beatriz
Lee, Jennifer
Schermel, Alyssa
Weippert, Madyson
Ahmed, Mavra
Yang, Yahan
author_facet L'Abbe, Mary
Franco-Arellano, Beatriz
Lee, Jennifer
Schermel, Alyssa
Weippert, Madyson
Ahmed, Mavra
Yang, Yahan
author_sort L'Abbe, Mary
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Traditional methods for creating food composition databases struggle to cope with the large number of products and the rapid pace of turnover in the food supply. The objective is to overview the updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP2020), a big data approach for the evaluation of the Canadian food supply and present the latest methods used in the development of this database. METHODS: The University of Toronto's Food Label Information Program (FLIP) is a database of Canadian prepackaged and chain restaurant foods and beverages collected since 2010. FLIP 2020 was developed using website “scraping” and machine learning (ML) coupled with artificial intelligence-enhanced optical character recognition (AI-OCR) to collect and manage food labelling information (e.g., nutritional composition, price, product images, ingredients, brand, etc.) on all foods and beverages available on seven major Canadian e-grocery retailer websites and 201 Canadian chain restaurants between May 2020 and February 2021. RESULTS: FLIP 2020 is comprised of 74,445 prepackaged food products and 21,225 menu items available on websites of seven retailers, 2 location-specific duplicate retailers and 141 chain restaurants. Food products were classified under multiple national and international categorization systems, in order to analyse similar foods under different systems. Of 57,006 food and beverage products available on seven retailers’ websites, nutritional composition data were available for about 60% of the products and ingredients were available for about 45%. Data for energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, sugar, sodium and saturated fat were present for 54–65% of the products, while fibre information was available for 37%. Of the 201 eligible chain restaurants with ≥ 20 national outlets, 70% provided nutritional information. All provided energy, 84% provided saturated fat, total sugar and sodium, and 50% provided all 13 required nutrients listed on the Nutrition Facts table. CONCLUSIONS: FLIP, with its comprehensive sampling and granularity and use of ML/AI-OCR, is a powerful tool for evaluating and monitoring the Canadian food supply environment. FUNDING SOURCES: This research was supported by funds from a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Project Grant.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9194179
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Oxford University Press
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-91941792022-06-14 Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database L'Abbe, Mary Franco-Arellano, Beatriz Lee, Jennifer Schermel, Alyssa Weippert, Madyson Ahmed, Mavra Yang, Yahan Curr Dev Nutr Food Science and Nutrition OBJECTIVES: Traditional methods for creating food composition databases struggle to cope with the large number of products and the rapid pace of turnover in the food supply. The objective is to overview the updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP2020), a big data approach for the evaluation of the Canadian food supply and present the latest methods used in the development of this database. METHODS: The University of Toronto's Food Label Information Program (FLIP) is a database of Canadian prepackaged and chain restaurant foods and beverages collected since 2010. FLIP 2020 was developed using website “scraping” and machine learning (ML) coupled with artificial intelligence-enhanced optical character recognition (AI-OCR) to collect and manage food labelling information (e.g., nutritional composition, price, product images, ingredients, brand, etc.) on all foods and beverages available on seven major Canadian e-grocery retailer websites and 201 Canadian chain restaurants between May 2020 and February 2021. RESULTS: FLIP 2020 is comprised of 74,445 prepackaged food products and 21,225 menu items available on websites of seven retailers, 2 location-specific duplicate retailers and 141 chain restaurants. Food products were classified under multiple national and international categorization systems, in order to analyse similar foods under different systems. Of 57,006 food and beverage products available on seven retailers’ websites, nutritional composition data were available for about 60% of the products and ingredients were available for about 45%. Data for energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, sugar, sodium and saturated fat were present for 54–65% of the products, while fibre information was available for 37%. Of the 201 eligible chain restaurants with ≥ 20 national outlets, 70% provided nutritional information. All provided energy, 84% provided saturated fat, total sugar and sodium, and 50% provided all 13 required nutrients listed on the Nutrition Facts table. CONCLUSIONS: FLIP, with its comprehensive sampling and granularity and use of ML/AI-OCR, is a powerful tool for evaluating and monitoring the Canadian food supply environment. FUNDING SOURCES: This research was supported by funds from a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Project Grant. Oxford University Press 2022-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9194179/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac077.021 Text en © The Author 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Food Science and Nutrition
L'Abbe, Mary
Franco-Arellano, Beatriz
Lee, Jennifer
Schermel, Alyssa
Weippert, Madyson
Ahmed, Mavra
Yang, Yahan
Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database
title Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database
title_full Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database
title_fullStr Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database
title_full_unstemmed Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database
title_short Automation of the Updated Food Label Information Program (FLIP 2020): A Comprehensive Canadian Branded Grocery and Restaurant Food Composition Database
title_sort automation of the updated food label information program (flip 2020): a comprehensive canadian branded grocery and restaurant food composition database
topic Food Science and Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9194179/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac077.021
work_keys_str_mv AT labbemary automationoftheupdatedfoodlabelinformationprogramflip2020acomprehensivecanadianbrandedgroceryandrestaurantfoodcompositiondatabase
AT francoarellanobeatriz automationoftheupdatedfoodlabelinformationprogramflip2020acomprehensivecanadianbrandedgroceryandrestaurantfoodcompositiondatabase
AT leejennifer automationoftheupdatedfoodlabelinformationprogramflip2020acomprehensivecanadianbrandedgroceryandrestaurantfoodcompositiondatabase
AT schermelalyssa automationoftheupdatedfoodlabelinformationprogramflip2020acomprehensivecanadianbrandedgroceryandrestaurantfoodcompositiondatabase
AT weippertmadyson automationoftheupdatedfoodlabelinformationprogramflip2020acomprehensivecanadianbrandedgroceryandrestaurantfoodcompositiondatabase
AT ahmedmavra automationoftheupdatedfoodlabelinformationprogramflip2020acomprehensivecanadianbrandedgroceryandrestaurantfoodcompositiondatabase
AT yangyahan automationoftheupdatedfoodlabelinformationprogramflip2020acomprehensivecanadianbrandedgroceryandrestaurantfoodcompositiondatabase