The Patho-Neurophysiological Basis and Treatment of Focal Laryngeal Dystonia: A Narrative Review and Two Case Reports Applying TMS over the Laryngeal Motor Cortex

Focal laryngeal dystonia (LD) is a rare, idiopathic disease affecting the laryngeal musculature with an unknown cause and clinically presented as adductor LD or rarely as abductor LD. The most effective treatment options include the injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) into the affected laryngeal mus...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rogić Vidaković, Maja, Gunjača, Ivana, Bukić, Josipa, Košta, Vana, Šoda, Joško, Konstantinović, Ivan, Bošković, Braco, Bilić, Irena, Režić Mužinić, Nikolina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9224879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35743523
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123453

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9224879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35743523
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123453

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