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Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products

Plants and agri-food by-products represent a wide and renewable source of bioactive compounds with neuroprotective properties. In this research, various green extraction techniques were employed to recover bioactive molecules from Kalanchoe daigremontiana (kalanchoe), epicarp of Cyphomandra betacea...

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Autores principales: Sánchez-Martínez, José David, Valdés, Alberto, Gallego, Rocio, Suárez-Montenegro, Zully Jimena, Alarcón, Marina, Ibañez, Elena, Alvarez-Rivera, Gerardo, Cifuentes, Alejandro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9243654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35782945
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.924596
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author Sánchez-Martínez, José David
Valdés, Alberto
Gallego, Rocio
Suárez-Montenegro, Zully Jimena
Alarcón, Marina
Ibañez, Elena
Alvarez-Rivera, Gerardo
Cifuentes, Alejandro
author_facet Sánchez-Martínez, José David
Valdés, Alberto
Gallego, Rocio
Suárez-Montenegro, Zully Jimena
Alarcón, Marina
Ibañez, Elena
Alvarez-Rivera, Gerardo
Cifuentes, Alejandro
author_sort Sánchez-Martínez, José David
collection PubMed
description Plants and agri-food by-products represent a wide and renewable source of bioactive compounds with neuroprotective properties. In this research, various green extraction techniques were employed to recover bioactive molecules from Kalanchoe daigremontiana (kalanchoe), epicarp of Cyphomandra betacea (tamarillo), and cooperage woods from Robinia pseudoacacia (acacia) and Nothofagus pumilio (lenga), as well as a reference extract (positive control) from Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary). The neuroprotective capacity of these plant extracts was evaluated in a set of in vitro assays, including enzymatic [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and lipoxygenase (LOX)] and antioxidant [ABTS, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS)] bioactivity tests. Extracts were also submitted to a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay mimicking the blood–brain barrier (PAMPA-BBB) and to two cell viability assays in HK-2 and SH-SY5Y cell lines. Comprehensive phytochemical profiling based on liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) analysis showed enriched content of phenolic and terpenoid compounds in the target extracts. Moreover, in vitro bioactivity tests showed promising neuroprotective capacity, particularly for supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE) extract from acacia (ABTS IC(50) = 0.11 μg ml(−1); ROS IC(50) = 1.56 μg ml(−1); AChE IC(50) = 4.23 μg ml(−1); BChE IC(50) = 1.20 μg ml(−1); and LOX IC(50) = 4.37 μg ml(−1)), whereas PAMPA-BBB assays revealed high perfusion capacity of some representative compounds, such as phenolic acids or flavonoids. Regarding cytotoxic assays, tamarillo and rosemary SFE extracts can be considered as non-toxic, acacia SFE extract and lenga pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) extract as mild-cytotoxic, and kalanchoe as highly toxic extracts. The obtained results demonstrate the great potential of the studied biomass extracts to be transformed into valuable food additives, food supplements, or nutraceuticals with promising neuroprotective properties.
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spelling pubmed-92436542022-07-01 Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products Sánchez-Martínez, José David Valdés, Alberto Gallego, Rocio Suárez-Montenegro, Zully Jimena Alarcón, Marina Ibañez, Elena Alvarez-Rivera, Gerardo Cifuentes, Alejandro Front Nutr Nutrition Plants and agri-food by-products represent a wide and renewable source of bioactive compounds with neuroprotective properties. In this research, various green extraction techniques were employed to recover bioactive molecules from Kalanchoe daigremontiana (kalanchoe), epicarp of Cyphomandra betacea (tamarillo), and cooperage woods from Robinia pseudoacacia (acacia) and Nothofagus pumilio (lenga), as well as a reference extract (positive control) from Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary). The neuroprotective capacity of these plant extracts was evaluated in a set of in vitro assays, including enzymatic [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and lipoxygenase (LOX)] and antioxidant [ABTS, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS)] bioactivity tests. Extracts were also submitted to a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay mimicking the blood–brain barrier (PAMPA-BBB) and to two cell viability assays in HK-2 and SH-SY5Y cell lines. Comprehensive phytochemical profiling based on liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) analysis showed enriched content of phenolic and terpenoid compounds in the target extracts. Moreover, in vitro bioactivity tests showed promising neuroprotective capacity, particularly for supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE) extract from acacia (ABTS IC(50) = 0.11 μg ml(−1); ROS IC(50) = 1.56 μg ml(−1); AChE IC(50) = 4.23 μg ml(−1); BChE IC(50) = 1.20 μg ml(−1); and LOX IC(50) = 4.37 μg ml(−1)), whereas PAMPA-BBB assays revealed high perfusion capacity of some representative compounds, such as phenolic acids or flavonoids. Regarding cytotoxic assays, tamarillo and rosemary SFE extracts can be considered as non-toxic, acacia SFE extract and lenga pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) extract as mild-cytotoxic, and kalanchoe as highly toxic extracts. The obtained results demonstrate the great potential of the studied biomass extracts to be transformed into valuable food additives, food supplements, or nutraceuticals with promising neuroprotective properties. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9243654/ /pubmed/35782945 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.924596 Text en Copyright © 2022 Sánchez-Martínez, Valdés, Gallego, Suárez-Montenegro, Alarcón, Ibañez, Alvarez-Rivera and Cifuentes. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Sánchez-Martínez, José David
Valdés, Alberto
Gallego, Rocio
Suárez-Montenegro, Zully Jimena
Alarcón, Marina
Ibañez, Elena
Alvarez-Rivera, Gerardo
Cifuentes, Alejandro
Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products
title Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products
title_full Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products
title_fullStr Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products
title_full_unstemmed Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products
title_short Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Study of Potential Neuroprotective Compounds Recovered From Plants and Agri-Food by-Products
title_sort blood–brain barrier permeability study of potential neuroprotective compounds recovered from plants and agri-food by-products
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9243654/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35782945
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.924596
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