The impact of tobacco smoking and electronic cigarette vaping on salivary biomarkers. A comparative study

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of electronic cigarette vaping and cigarette smoking on the levels of interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor‑β salivary biomarkers compared to non-smokers. METHODS: One hundred and fifty people participated in this study; There were 50 pa...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kamal, Naglaa M., Shams, Noha S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Original Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9263753/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35814841
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.05.003

Internet

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9263753/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35814841
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.05.003

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