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The impact of tobacco smoking and electronic cigarette vaping on salivary biomarkers. A comparative study
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of electronic cigarette vaping and cigarette smoking on the levels of interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor‑β salivary biomarkers compared to non-smokers. METHODS: One hundred and fifty people participated in this study; There were 50 pa...
Autores principales: | Kamal, Naglaa M., Shams, Noha S. |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9263753/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35814841 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.05.003 |
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