Effect of phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitor rolipram on colonic hypermotility in water avoidance stress rat model

BACKGROUND: Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition has been reported to play a role in regulating gut motility, but the evidence is insufficient, and the mechanism remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of phosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4) inhibitor rolipram in water avoidance stress‐induced colonic hypermotility. METHODS: A rat model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with diarrhea (IBS‐D) was established by water avoidance stress (WAS). Intestinal motility was assessed by fecal pellets expulsion per hour. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and nitric oxide (NO) level in colon tissue were detected using ELISA assay and the Griess test, respectively. Western blotting was performed to assess the protein level of PDE, PKA/p‐CREB, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the colon. To determine the role of rolipram in gut motility, the rats of the WAS + Rolipram and Rolipram group were injected with rolipram intraperitoneally. The colonic contractile activity was recorded with a RM6240 multichannel physiological signal system. Key Results: WAS‐induced gastrointestinal hypermotility and increased defecation in rats. After repeated stress, protein levels of PDE4 in the colon were promoted while PKA/p‐CREB and nNOS were highly decreased. cAMP content in colon tissue did not change significantly. However, NO content decreased after WAS, and rolipram partly enhanced NO in WAS‐exposed rats. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of rolipram partly inhibited the colonic motility in vivo. Meanwhile, we observed rolipram inhibited the contraction of colonic smooth muscle strips, and this inhibitory effect was abolished by Nω‐Nitro‐L‐arginine (L‐NNA), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, tetrodotoxin (TTX), a blocker of neuronal voltage‐dependent Na(+) channels, Rp‐Adenosine 3’,5'‐cyclic monophosphorothioate triethylammonium salt hydrate (Rp‐cAMPS), an antagonist of cAMP. Conclusions and Inferences: Rolipram could relieve stress‐induced gastrointestinal hypermotility. This effect may be partly through the cAMP‐PKA‐p‐CREB pathway and NO pathway.