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Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Monumental therapeutic advances have been made over the past two decades for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, have been found to be upregulated in multiple myeloma cell lines, and small molecule inhibitors that target these...

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Autores principales: Parrondo, Ricardo D., Paulus, Aneel, Ailawadhi, Sikander
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317574/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884390
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143330
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author Parrondo, Ricardo D.
Paulus, Aneel
Ailawadhi, Sikander
author_facet Parrondo, Ricardo D.
Paulus, Aneel
Ailawadhi, Sikander
author_sort Parrondo, Ricardo D.
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Monumental therapeutic advances have been made over the past two decades for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, have been found to be upregulated in multiple myeloma cell lines, and small molecule inhibitors that target these proteins are in clinical development with the goal of enhancing apoptosis, reversing drug resistance, and improving the survival outcomes of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. In this paper, we review the available clinical data for the Bcl-2-family protein inhibitors currently in clinical development for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. ABSTRACT: Despite considerable advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma over the past decade, progression of disease is inevitable, and patients ultimately succumb to relapsed and refractory disease. Efficacious therapeutic regimens that target the key biological pathways that are essential for malignant plasma cell survival are necessary in the efforts to improve patient survival outcomes. The Bcl-2 family of proteins comprise oncogenes that promote myeloma cell survival by conferring resistance to apoptosis. These proteins are frequently upregulated in myeloma cells, thus making them attractive therapeutic targets. Several small molecule inhibitors of Bcl-2-family proteins are currently in clinical development for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Venetoclax, a Bcl-2-specific inhibitor, has generated the most clinical data and has shown promising results in patients with multiple myeloma harboring the t (11;14) translocation. Venetoclax has shown efficacy when combined with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, immunomodulatory drugs, and proteasome inhibitors. Several other Bcl-2 inhibitors are in clinical development, as are inhibitors of Mcl-1, a Bcl-2-family oncoprotein that is perhaps more critical for myeloma cell survival than Bcl-2. This review will summarize the latest clinical data regarding the clinical development of Bcl-2-family protein inhibitors in the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.
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spelling pubmed-93175742022-07-27 Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Parrondo, Ricardo D. Paulus, Aneel Ailawadhi, Sikander Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Monumental therapeutic advances have been made over the past two decades for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, have been found to be upregulated in multiple myeloma cell lines, and small molecule inhibitors that target these proteins are in clinical development with the goal of enhancing apoptosis, reversing drug resistance, and improving the survival outcomes of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. In this paper, we review the available clinical data for the Bcl-2-family protein inhibitors currently in clinical development for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. ABSTRACT: Despite considerable advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma over the past decade, progression of disease is inevitable, and patients ultimately succumb to relapsed and refractory disease. Efficacious therapeutic regimens that target the key biological pathways that are essential for malignant plasma cell survival are necessary in the efforts to improve patient survival outcomes. The Bcl-2 family of proteins comprise oncogenes that promote myeloma cell survival by conferring resistance to apoptosis. These proteins are frequently upregulated in myeloma cells, thus making them attractive therapeutic targets. Several small molecule inhibitors of Bcl-2-family proteins are currently in clinical development for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Venetoclax, a Bcl-2-specific inhibitor, has generated the most clinical data and has shown promising results in patients with multiple myeloma harboring the t (11;14) translocation. Venetoclax has shown efficacy when combined with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, immunomodulatory drugs, and proteasome inhibitors. Several other Bcl-2 inhibitors are in clinical development, as are inhibitors of Mcl-1, a Bcl-2-family oncoprotein that is perhaps more critical for myeloma cell survival than Bcl-2. This review will summarize the latest clinical data regarding the clinical development of Bcl-2-family protein inhibitors in the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. MDPI 2022-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9317574/ /pubmed/35884390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143330 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Parrondo, Ricardo D.
Paulus, Aneel
Ailawadhi, Sikander
Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
title Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
title_full Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
title_fullStr Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
title_full_unstemmed Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
title_short Updates in the Use of BCL-2-Family Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
title_sort updates in the use of bcl-2-family small molecule inhibitors for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9317574/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884390
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143330
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