Cargando…

Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice

Mulberry leaf protein is a potentially functional food component and health care agent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its composition, immunoregulatory effects, and gut microbial regulatory effects are unclear. Herein, ultra-filtrated and gel-fractionated mulberry leaf p...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shan, Yangwei, Sun, Chongzhen, Li, Jishan, Shao, Xin, Wu, Junfeng, Zhang, Mengmeng, Yao, Hong, Wu, Xiyang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9324946/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35885277
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11142034
_version_ 1784756927278874624
author Shan, Yangwei
Sun, Chongzhen
Li, Jishan
Shao, Xin
Wu, Junfeng
Zhang, Mengmeng
Yao, Hong
Wu, Xiyang
author_facet Shan, Yangwei
Sun, Chongzhen
Li, Jishan
Shao, Xin
Wu, Junfeng
Zhang, Mengmeng
Yao, Hong
Wu, Xiyang
author_sort Shan, Yangwei
collection PubMed
description Mulberry leaf protein is a potentially functional food component and health care agent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its composition, immunoregulatory effects, and gut microbial regulatory effects are unclear. Herein, ultra-filtrated and gel-fractionated mulberry leaf protein (GUMP) was characterized. Its effects on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice were further investigated. The results indicated that GUMP is a glycoprotein mainly containing glucose, arabinose, and mannose with 9.23% total sugar content. Its secondary structure is mainly β-sheet. LC–MS/MS analysis showed that GUMP closely matched with a 16.7 kDa mannose-binding lectin and a 52.7 kDa Rubisco’s large subunit. GUMP intervention significantly improved serous TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2 contents; increased serum immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG) levels; and reversed splenic damage prominently. Moreover, GUMP administration increased fecal shot-chain fatty acid concentration and up-regulated the relative abundance of Odoribacter, which was positively correlated with SCFAs and cytokine contents. Overall, GUMP alleviated immunosuppression through the integrated modulation of the gut microbiota and immune response. Therefore, GUMP could be a promising dietary supplement to help maintain gut health.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9324946
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-93249462022-07-27 Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice Shan, Yangwei Sun, Chongzhen Li, Jishan Shao, Xin Wu, Junfeng Zhang, Mengmeng Yao, Hong Wu, Xiyang Foods Article Mulberry leaf protein is a potentially functional food component and health care agent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its composition, immunoregulatory effects, and gut microbial regulatory effects are unclear. Herein, ultra-filtrated and gel-fractionated mulberry leaf protein (GUMP) was characterized. Its effects on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice were further investigated. The results indicated that GUMP is a glycoprotein mainly containing glucose, arabinose, and mannose with 9.23% total sugar content. Its secondary structure is mainly β-sheet. LC–MS/MS analysis showed that GUMP closely matched with a 16.7 kDa mannose-binding lectin and a 52.7 kDa Rubisco’s large subunit. GUMP intervention significantly improved serous TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2 contents; increased serum immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG) levels; and reversed splenic damage prominently. Moreover, GUMP administration increased fecal shot-chain fatty acid concentration and up-regulated the relative abundance of Odoribacter, which was positively correlated with SCFAs and cytokine contents. Overall, GUMP alleviated immunosuppression through the integrated modulation of the gut microbiota and immune response. Therefore, GUMP could be a promising dietary supplement to help maintain gut health. MDPI 2022-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9324946/ /pubmed/35885277 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11142034 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shan, Yangwei
Sun, Chongzhen
Li, Jishan
Shao, Xin
Wu, Junfeng
Zhang, Mengmeng
Yao, Hong
Wu, Xiyang
Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
title Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
title_full Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
title_fullStr Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
title_short Characterization of Purified Mulberry Leaf Glycoprotein and Its Immunoregulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
title_sort characterization of purified mulberry leaf glycoprotein and its immunoregulatory effect on cyclophosphamide-treated mice
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9324946/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35885277
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11142034
work_keys_str_mv AT shanyangwei characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice
AT sunchongzhen characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice
AT lijishan characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice
AT shaoxin characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice
AT wujunfeng characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice
AT zhangmengmeng characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice
AT yaohong characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice
AT wuxiyang characterizationofpurifiedmulberryleafglycoproteinanditsimmunoregulatoryeffectoncyclophosphamidetreatedmice