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Health Effects of Electronic Cigarettes: An Umbrella Review and Methodological Considerations
E-cigarettes are often marketed as a safer alternative to combustible cigarettes. However, their health effects, especially those associated with long-term use, remain largely uncertain. We conducted an umbrella review of the cardiopulmonary and carcinogenic risks of e-cigarette use, distinguishing...
Autores principales: | Travis, Nargiz, Knoll, Marie, Cadham, Christopher J., Cook, Steven, Warner, Kenneth E., Fleischer, Nancy L., Douglas, Clifford E., Sánchez-Romero, Luz María, Mistry, Ritesh, Meza, Rafael, Hirschtick, Jana L., Levy, David T. |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9330875/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35897421 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159054 |
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