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NNK from tobacco smoking enhances pancreatic cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance by creating a β2AR‐Akt feedback loop that activates autophagy
Low responsiveness to chemotherapy is an important cause of poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Smoking is a high‐risk factor for pancreatic cancer and cancer resistance to gemcitabine; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanone (NNK) is the ma...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348597/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35593085 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.13230 |