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Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit

Neonatal hypertension occurs in 1%–2% of neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) although may be underdiagnosed. Blood pressure values in premature neonates change rapidly in the first days and weeks of life which may make it more difficult to recognize abnormal blood pressure values. In...

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Autores principales: Altemose, Kathleen, Dionne, Janis M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Pediatric Society 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348950/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35638239
http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.00486
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author Altemose, Kathleen
Dionne, Janis M.
author_facet Altemose, Kathleen
Dionne, Janis M.
author_sort Altemose, Kathleen
collection PubMed
description Neonatal hypertension occurs in 1%–2% of neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) although may be underdiagnosed. Blood pressure values in premature neonates change rapidly in the first days and weeks of life which may make it more difficult to recognize abnormal blood pressure values. In addition, the proper blood pressure measurement technique must be used to ensure the accuracy of the measured values as most blood pressure devices are not manufactured specifically for this population. In premature neonates, the cause of the hypertension is most commonly related to prematurity-associated complications or management while in term neonates is more likely to be due to an underlying condition. Both oral and intravenous antihypertensive medications can be used in neonates to treat high blood pressure although none are approved for use in this population by regulatory agencies. The natural history of most neonatal hypertension is that it resolves over the first year or two of life. Of concern are the various neonatal risk factors for later cardiovascular and kidney disease that are present in most NICU graduates. Prematurity increases the risk of adulthood hypertension while intrauterine growth restriction may even lead to hypertension during childhood. From neonates through to adulthood NICU graduates, this review will cover each of these topics in more detail and highlight the aspects of blood pressure management that are established while also highlighting where knowledge gaps exist.
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spelling pubmed-93489502022-08-11 Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit Altemose, Kathleen Dionne, Janis M. Clin Exp Pediatr Review Article Neonatal hypertension occurs in 1%–2% of neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) although may be underdiagnosed. Blood pressure values in premature neonates change rapidly in the first days and weeks of life which may make it more difficult to recognize abnormal blood pressure values. In addition, the proper blood pressure measurement technique must be used to ensure the accuracy of the measured values as most blood pressure devices are not manufactured specifically for this population. In premature neonates, the cause of the hypertension is most commonly related to prematurity-associated complications or management while in term neonates is more likely to be due to an underlying condition. Both oral and intravenous antihypertensive medications can be used in neonates to treat high blood pressure although none are approved for use in this population by regulatory agencies. The natural history of most neonatal hypertension is that it resolves over the first year or two of life. Of concern are the various neonatal risk factors for later cardiovascular and kidney disease that are present in most NICU graduates. Prematurity increases the risk of adulthood hypertension while intrauterine growth restriction may even lead to hypertension during childhood. From neonates through to adulthood NICU graduates, this review will cover each of these topics in more detail and highlight the aspects of blood pressure management that are established while also highlighting where knowledge gaps exist. Korean Pediatric Society 2022-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9348950/ /pubmed/35638239 http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.00486 Text en Copyright © 2022 by The Korean Pediatric Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Altemose, Kathleen
Dionne, Janis M.
Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit
title Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit
title_full Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit
title_fullStr Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit
title_full_unstemmed Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit
title_short Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit
title_sort neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348950/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35638239
http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.00486
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