An LPAR(5)-antagonist that reduces nociception and increases pruriception

INTRODUCTION: The G-protein coupled receptor LPAR(5) plays a prominent role in LPA-mediated pain and itch signaling. In this study we focus on the LPAR(5)-antagonist compound 3 (cpd3) and its ability to affect pain and itch signaling, both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Nociceptive behavior in wild type mice was induced by formalin, carrageenan or prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) injection in the hind paw, and the effect of oral cpd3 administration was measured. Scratch activity was measured after oral administration of cpd3, in mice overexpressing phospholipase A2 ([Formula: see text]), in wild type mice (WT) and in TRPA1-deficient mice (Trpa1 KO). In vitro effects of cpd3 were assessed by measuring intracellular calcium release in HMC-1 and HEK-TRPA1 cells. RESULTS: As expected, nociceptive behavior (induced by formalin, carrageenan or PGE(2)) was reduced after treatment with cpd3. Unexpectedly, cpd3 induced scratch activity in mice. In vitro addition of cpd3 to HEK-TRPA1 cells induced an intracellular calcium wave that could be inhibited by the TRPA1-antagonist A-967079. In Trpa1 KO mice, however, the increase in scratch activity after cpd3 administration was not reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Cpd3 has in vivo antinociceptive effects but induces scratch activity in mice, probably by activation of multiple pruriceptors, including TRPA1. These results urge screening of antinociceptive candidate drugs for activity with pruriceptors.