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Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States
BACKGROUND: Poor diet may contribute to deleterious chronic health among individuals incarcerated. Yet, limited research has evaluated the nutritional content of menus and commissary items provided in jails. Thus, this study assessed the macronutrient distribution, caloric composition, and diet qual...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441029/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36057678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w |
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author | Lopez, Nanette V. Spilkin, Ary Brauer, Julianne Phillips, Rachelle Kuss, Bonnie Delio, Gabrielle Camplain, Ricky |
author_facet | Lopez, Nanette V. Spilkin, Ary Brauer, Julianne Phillips, Rachelle Kuss, Bonnie Delio, Gabrielle Camplain, Ricky |
author_sort | Lopez, Nanette V. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Poor diet may contribute to deleterious chronic health among individuals incarcerated. Yet, limited research has evaluated the nutritional content of menus and commissary items provided in jails. Thus, this study assessed the macronutrient distribution, caloric composition, and diet quality of the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items provided in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States. METHODS: Daily and mean availability of calories and macronutrients for the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items were estimated using NutritionCalc Plus®. Diet quality (i.e., Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]) was assessed. Macronutrients and calories were compared to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) and the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Protein and carbohydrate were compared to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). HEI-2015 was compared to the average U.S. diet. RESULTS: Daily caloric provisions exceeded DGA recommendations. Daily available (16.2%-25.2% kcal/day) and mean protein met the AMDR recommendations, yet exceeded the DRI. Mean protein with commissary packs exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available carbohydrate met AMDR recommendations for all but two days of the seven-day cycle menu, which exceeded recommendations (52.5%-66.4% kcal/day). Mean carbohydrate met the AMDR recommendations and exceeded the DRI, and with the commissary packs, exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available total fat for the seven-day cycle menu (79.5–146.7 g), mean total fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available saturated fat for the seven-day cycle menu (16.7–47.7 g) exceeded AMDR recommendations for all but one day of the seven-day cycle menu, while mean saturated fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available added sugars for the seven-day cycle menu (8.4–14.2 g), mean added sugars alone and with the commissary packs all met AMDR recommendations. HEI-2015 scores for the seven-day cycle menu ranged from 49.3–74.5 (mean = 62.2, SD = 9.4), and increased with the commissary packs. CONCLUSIONS: Exceeding caloric and saturated fat recommendations may contribute to weight gain, regardless of high diet quality. Increasing nutrient-dense foods available in jail may reduce chronic disease among incarcerated populations. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9441029 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94410292022-09-05 Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States Lopez, Nanette V. Spilkin, Ary Brauer, Julianne Phillips, Rachelle Kuss, Bonnie Delio, Gabrielle Camplain, Ricky BMC Nutr Research Article BACKGROUND: Poor diet may contribute to deleterious chronic health among individuals incarcerated. Yet, limited research has evaluated the nutritional content of menus and commissary items provided in jails. Thus, this study assessed the macronutrient distribution, caloric composition, and diet quality of the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items provided in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States. METHODS: Daily and mean availability of calories and macronutrients for the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items were estimated using NutritionCalc Plus®. Diet quality (i.e., Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]) was assessed. Macronutrients and calories were compared to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) and the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Protein and carbohydrate were compared to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). HEI-2015 was compared to the average U.S. diet. RESULTS: Daily caloric provisions exceeded DGA recommendations. Daily available (16.2%-25.2% kcal/day) and mean protein met the AMDR recommendations, yet exceeded the DRI. Mean protein with commissary packs exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available carbohydrate met AMDR recommendations for all but two days of the seven-day cycle menu, which exceeded recommendations (52.5%-66.4% kcal/day). Mean carbohydrate met the AMDR recommendations and exceeded the DRI, and with the commissary packs, exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available total fat for the seven-day cycle menu (79.5–146.7 g), mean total fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available saturated fat for the seven-day cycle menu (16.7–47.7 g) exceeded AMDR recommendations for all but one day of the seven-day cycle menu, while mean saturated fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available added sugars for the seven-day cycle menu (8.4–14.2 g), mean added sugars alone and with the commissary packs all met AMDR recommendations. HEI-2015 scores for the seven-day cycle menu ranged from 49.3–74.5 (mean = 62.2, SD = 9.4), and increased with the commissary packs. CONCLUSIONS: Exceeding caloric and saturated fat recommendations may contribute to weight gain, regardless of high diet quality. Increasing nutrient-dense foods available in jail may reduce chronic disease among incarcerated populations. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w. BioMed Central 2022-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9441029/ /pubmed/36057678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lopez, Nanette V. Spilkin, Ary Brauer, Julianne Phillips, Rachelle Kuss, Bonnie Delio, Gabrielle Camplain, Ricky Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States |
title | Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States |
title_full | Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States |
title_fullStr | Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States |
title_short | Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States |
title_sort | nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the united states |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441029/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36057678 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w |
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