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Using Mendelian randomization to explore the gateway hypothesis: possible causal effects of smoking initiation and alcohol consumption on substance use outcomes

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Initial use of drugs such as tobacco and alcohol may lead to subsequent more problematic drug use—the ‘gateway’ hypothesis. However, observed associations may be due to a shared underlying risk factor, such as trait impulsivity. We used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR)...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Reed, Zoe E., Wootton, Robyn E., Munafò, Marcus R.
Formato:	Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:	Research Reports
Acceso en línea:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9453475/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34590374 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.15673

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