Programming of Industrial Robots Using a Laser Tracker

This paper presents the use of a laser tracker for programming paths of industrial robots. The idea of operation, application, and the offered accuracy of the laser trackers are discussed. Then, the developed method of using a tracker for determining the path points of an industrial robot is presented. The requirements related to the developed method are indicated. The parameters of the industrial robot related to the repeatability and accuracy of the robots and the Absolute Accuracy option—increasing the accuracy—are characterized. The developed method is based on the accuracy of robots and the conversion of the position and orientation of individual coordinate systems. In the developed method, the robot is not used during programming and the programmer indicates the path points with the help of a retroreflector. The algorithm, which is the most important part of the developed method, has been implemented in the Rapid programming language to automate the programming process. This article provides an example of the use of the developed method to program the robot path during the grinding process. The advantages of the developed method are characterized and compared to existing solutions. In addition, the limitations and achieved accuracies are indicated.