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The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model
The review gives an introductory description of the successive development of data patterns based on comparisons between hearing-impaired and normal hearing participants’ speech understanding skills, later prompting the formulation of the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model. The model builds...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9477118/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36118435 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.967260 |
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author | Rönnberg, Jerker Signoret, Carine Andin, Josefine Holmer, Emil |
author_facet | Rönnberg, Jerker Signoret, Carine Andin, Josefine Holmer, Emil |
author_sort | Rönnberg, Jerker |
collection | PubMed |
description | The review gives an introductory description of the successive development of data patterns based on comparisons between hearing-impaired and normal hearing participants’ speech understanding skills, later prompting the formulation of the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model. The model builds on the interaction between an input buffer (RAMBPHO, Rapid Automatic Multimodal Binding of PHOnology) and three memory systems: working memory (WM), semantic long-term memory (SLTM), and episodic long-term memory (ELTM). RAMBPHO input may either match or mismatch multimodal SLTM representations. Given a match, lexical access is accomplished rapidly and implicitly within approximately 100–400 ms. Given a mismatch, the prediction is that WM is engaged explicitly to repair the meaning of the input – in interaction with SLTM and ELTM – taking seconds rather than milliseconds. The multimodal and multilevel nature of representations held in WM and LTM are at the center of the review, being integral parts of the prediction and postdiction components of language understanding. Finally, some hypotheses based on a selective use-disuse of memory systems mechanism are described in relation to mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Alternative speech perception and WM models are evaluated, and recent developments and generalisations, ELU model tests, and boundaries are discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9477118 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-94771182022-09-16 The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model Rönnberg, Jerker Signoret, Carine Andin, Josefine Holmer, Emil Front Psychol Psychology The review gives an introductory description of the successive development of data patterns based on comparisons between hearing-impaired and normal hearing participants’ speech understanding skills, later prompting the formulation of the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model. The model builds on the interaction between an input buffer (RAMBPHO, Rapid Automatic Multimodal Binding of PHOnology) and three memory systems: working memory (WM), semantic long-term memory (SLTM), and episodic long-term memory (ELTM). RAMBPHO input may either match or mismatch multimodal SLTM representations. Given a match, lexical access is accomplished rapidly and implicitly within approximately 100–400 ms. Given a mismatch, the prediction is that WM is engaged explicitly to repair the meaning of the input – in interaction with SLTM and ELTM – taking seconds rather than milliseconds. The multimodal and multilevel nature of representations held in WM and LTM are at the center of the review, being integral parts of the prediction and postdiction components of language understanding. Finally, some hypotheses based on a selective use-disuse of memory systems mechanism are described in relation to mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Alternative speech perception and WM models are evaluated, and recent developments and generalisations, ELU model tests, and boundaries are discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9477118/ /pubmed/36118435 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.967260 Text en Copyright © 2022 Rönnberg, Signoret, Andin and Holmer. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Rönnberg, Jerker Signoret, Carine Andin, Josefine Holmer, Emil The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model |
title | The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model |
title_full | The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model |
title_fullStr | The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model |
title_full_unstemmed | The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model |
title_short | The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model |
title_sort | cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: the elu model |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9477118/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36118435 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.967260 |
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