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Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer?

The malignant potential of oral lichen planus (OLP) has been discussed and disputed for decades. The lesions are often characterized by strong expression of the TP53 protein in the basal layer of the mucosa. In 2002, we reported the presence of TP53 mutations in nine out of 27 OLP lesions tested. At...

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Autores principales: Holbrook, William Peter, Ögmundsdottir, Helga M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9497945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135171
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj10090176
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author Holbrook, William Peter
Ögmundsdottir, Helga M.
author_facet Holbrook, William Peter
Ögmundsdottir, Helga M.
author_sort Holbrook, William Peter
collection PubMed
description The malignant potential of oral lichen planus (OLP) has been discussed and disputed for decades. The lesions are often characterized by strong expression of the TP53 protein in the basal layer of the mucosa. In 2002, we reported the presence of TP53 mutations in nine out of 27 OLP lesions tested. At follow-up in 2009, one case of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) had occurred in a different site six years later. In contrast, in another case, TP53 mutation persisted for years without malignant transformation. In a longitudinal study of eight selected patients with OSCC or different pre-malignant lesions, it was concluded that TP53 mutations could occur early or late in the development of OSCC. A follow-up in the present, almost 20 years later, revealed that one further case of OSCC had occurred in a TP53-mutated case of OLP, 21 years after the first sample was taken, again in a different site. With this second case, this small study now points towards a risk of developing OSCC in TP53-mutated OLP lesions. A review of recent literature indicates a growing consensus that OLP should be regarded as a potentially pre-malignant lesion. Several protein markers have been studied, but none proved useful for prediction of malignant progression. The great majority of published studies are retrospective, and it has been suggested that multi-centre prospective studies will be needed to reach a definitive answer on the malignant potential of OLP, and particularly, to identify contributing factors. Screening for TP53 mutations could help to identify the subgroup of OLP patients that is truly at risk of developing oral cancer.
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spelling pubmed-94979452022-09-23 Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer? Holbrook, William Peter Ögmundsdottir, Helga M. Dent J (Basel) Article The malignant potential of oral lichen planus (OLP) has been discussed and disputed for decades. The lesions are often characterized by strong expression of the TP53 protein in the basal layer of the mucosa. In 2002, we reported the presence of TP53 mutations in nine out of 27 OLP lesions tested. At follow-up in 2009, one case of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) had occurred in a different site six years later. In contrast, in another case, TP53 mutation persisted for years without malignant transformation. In a longitudinal study of eight selected patients with OSCC or different pre-malignant lesions, it was concluded that TP53 mutations could occur early or late in the development of OSCC. A follow-up in the present, almost 20 years later, revealed that one further case of OSCC had occurred in a TP53-mutated case of OLP, 21 years after the first sample was taken, again in a different site. With this second case, this small study now points towards a risk of developing OSCC in TP53-mutated OLP lesions. A review of recent literature indicates a growing consensus that OLP should be regarded as a potentially pre-malignant lesion. Several protein markers have been studied, but none proved useful for prediction of malignant progression. The great majority of published studies are retrospective, and it has been suggested that multi-centre prospective studies will be needed to reach a definitive answer on the malignant potential of OLP, and particularly, to identify contributing factors. Screening for TP53 mutations could help to identify the subgroup of OLP patients that is truly at risk of developing oral cancer. MDPI 2022-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9497945/ /pubmed/36135171 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj10090176 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Holbrook, William Peter
Ögmundsdottir, Helga M.
Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer?
title Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer?
title_full Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer?
title_fullStr Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer?
title_full_unstemmed Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer?
title_short Oral Lichen Planus and Mutated TP53—A Road to Cancer?
title_sort oral lichen planus and mutated tp53—a road to cancer?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9497945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36135171
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj10090176
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