Analysis and Comparison of Aroma Compounds of Brown Sugar in Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan Using GC-O-MS

Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan are the three provinces in China that yield the most brown sugar, a brown-red colored solid or powdered sugar product made from sugar cane. In the present study, the differences between odor compounds of brown sugar from Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces in China were compared and analyzed by gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS). A total of 80 odor compounds, including 5 alcohols, 9 aldehydes, 8 phenols, 21 acids, 14 ketones, 5 esters, 12 pyrazines, and 6 other compounds, were detected. The fingerprint analysis of the brown sugar odor compounds showed 90% similarity, indicating a close relationship among the odor properties of brown sugar in each province. Moreover, the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was performed to identify the compounds contributing to the volatile classification of the brown sugar from three provinces, which confirmed that OPLS-DA could be a potential tool to distinguish the brown sugar of three origins.