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A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches
Depth maps produced by LiDAR-based approaches are sparse. Even high-end LiDAR sensors produce highly sparse depth maps, which are also noisy around the object boundaries. Depth completion is the task of generating a dense depth map from a sparse depth map. While the earlier approaches focused on dir...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9506233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36146318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22186969 |
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author | Khan, Muhammad Ahmed Ullah Nazir, Danish Pagani, Alain Mokayed, Hamam Liwicki, Marcus Stricker, Didier Afzal, Muhammad Zeshan |
author_facet | Khan, Muhammad Ahmed Ullah Nazir, Danish Pagani, Alain Mokayed, Hamam Liwicki, Marcus Stricker, Didier Afzal, Muhammad Zeshan |
author_sort | Khan, Muhammad Ahmed Ullah |
collection | PubMed |
description | Depth maps produced by LiDAR-based approaches are sparse. Even high-end LiDAR sensors produce highly sparse depth maps, which are also noisy around the object boundaries. Depth completion is the task of generating a dense depth map from a sparse depth map. While the earlier approaches focused on directly completing this sparsity from the sparse depth maps, modern techniques use RGB images as a guidance tool to resolve this problem. Whilst many others rely on affinity matrices for depth completion. Based on these approaches, we have divided the literature into two major categories; unguided methods and image-guided methods. The latter is further subdivided into multi-branch and spatial propagation networks. The multi-branch networks further have a sub-category named image-guided filtering. In this paper, for the first time ever we present a comprehensive survey of depth completion methods. We present a novel taxonomy of depth completion approaches, review in detail different state-of-the-art techniques within each category for depth completion of LiDAR data, and provide quantitative results for the approaches on KITTI and NYUv2 depth completion benchmark datasets. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9506233 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95062332022-09-24 A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches Khan, Muhammad Ahmed Ullah Nazir, Danish Pagani, Alain Mokayed, Hamam Liwicki, Marcus Stricker, Didier Afzal, Muhammad Zeshan Sensors (Basel) Review Depth maps produced by LiDAR-based approaches are sparse. Even high-end LiDAR sensors produce highly sparse depth maps, which are also noisy around the object boundaries. Depth completion is the task of generating a dense depth map from a sparse depth map. While the earlier approaches focused on directly completing this sparsity from the sparse depth maps, modern techniques use RGB images as a guidance tool to resolve this problem. Whilst many others rely on affinity matrices for depth completion. Based on these approaches, we have divided the literature into two major categories; unguided methods and image-guided methods. The latter is further subdivided into multi-branch and spatial propagation networks. The multi-branch networks further have a sub-category named image-guided filtering. In this paper, for the first time ever we present a comprehensive survey of depth completion methods. We present a novel taxonomy of depth completion approaches, review in detail different state-of-the-art techniques within each category for depth completion of LiDAR data, and provide quantitative results for the approaches on KITTI and NYUv2 depth completion benchmark datasets. MDPI 2022-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9506233/ /pubmed/36146318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22186969 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Khan, Muhammad Ahmed Ullah Nazir, Danish Pagani, Alain Mokayed, Hamam Liwicki, Marcus Stricker, Didier Afzal, Muhammad Zeshan A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches |
title | A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches |
title_full | A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches |
title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches |
title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches |
title_short | A Comprehensive Survey of Depth Completion Approaches |
title_sort | comprehensive survey of depth completion approaches |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9506233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36146318 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22186969 |
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