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Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS

Shandong matcha has the quality characteristics of bright green color, seaweed-like aroma and strong, fresh and brisk taste. In order to identify the characteristic aroma components and clarify the contribution of the grinding process to the aroma of Shandong matcha. Three grades of Shandong matcha...

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Autores principales: Luo, Ying, Zhang, Yazhao, Qu, Fengfeng, Wang, Peiqiang, Gao, Junfeng, Zhang, Xinfu, Hu, Jianhui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36230044
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11192964
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author Luo, Ying
Zhang, Yazhao
Qu, Fengfeng
Wang, Peiqiang
Gao, Junfeng
Zhang, Xinfu
Hu, Jianhui
author_facet Luo, Ying
Zhang, Yazhao
Qu, Fengfeng
Wang, Peiqiang
Gao, Junfeng
Zhang, Xinfu
Hu, Jianhui
author_sort Luo, Ying
collection PubMed
description Shandong matcha has the quality characteristics of bright green color, seaweed-like aroma and strong, fresh and brisk taste. In order to identify the characteristic aroma components and clarify the contribution of the grinding process to the aroma of Shandong matcha. Three grades of Shandong matcha and corresponding tencha material were firstly tested with sensory evaluation, and the volatile components were extracted with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and analyzed using GC–MS. The sensory evaluation results showed that high-grade matcha (M-GS) had prominent seaweed-like, fresh and roasted notes, whereas medium and low-grade matcha (M-G1, M-G2) were gradually coupled with grassy, fatty and high-fired aromas. GC–MS results showed that in the HS-SPME method, heterocyclic compounds (45.84–65.35%) were the highest in Shandong matcha, followed by terpenoids (7.44–16.92%) and esters (6.91–15.27%), while in the safe method, esters were the highest (12.96–24.99%), followed by terpenoids (10.76–25.09%) and heterocyclic compounds (12.12–17.07%). As a whole, the composition of volatile components between M-G1 and M-G2 is relatively close, and there are more differences in volatile components between them and M-GS. The volatile components unique to M-GS were screened using the odor activity value (OAV) evaluation method, with components such as 3-methyl-2-butene-1-thiol, 3-ethyl-Phenol, 2-thiophenemethanethiol, 2,4-undecadienal, (E,E)-2,6-nonadienal, (E,Z)- being evaluated. There were other differentially volatile components, that is, volatile components that coexist in the three grades of matcha, but with different concentrations and proportions. M-G1 and M-G2 contained more volatile substances with high-fired aroma, such as 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, coumarin and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline. The grinding process not only changes the appearance of tencha, but also increases the content of volatile components of matcha as a whole, enhancing the aroma and flavor characteristics of matcha. In this study, the contents of 24 volatile components in matcha were mainly increased, such as benzene, (2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-, cis-7-decen-1-al, safranal and fenchyl acetate. The dual factors of material tencha and matcha grinding technology are indispensable in forming the differences in aroma and flavor of Shandong matcha at different levels.
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spelling pubmed-95621852022-10-15 Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS Luo, Ying Zhang, Yazhao Qu, Fengfeng Wang, Peiqiang Gao, Junfeng Zhang, Xinfu Hu, Jianhui Foods Article Shandong matcha has the quality characteristics of bright green color, seaweed-like aroma and strong, fresh and brisk taste. In order to identify the characteristic aroma components and clarify the contribution of the grinding process to the aroma of Shandong matcha. Three grades of Shandong matcha and corresponding tencha material were firstly tested with sensory evaluation, and the volatile components were extracted with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and analyzed using GC–MS. The sensory evaluation results showed that high-grade matcha (M-GS) had prominent seaweed-like, fresh and roasted notes, whereas medium and low-grade matcha (M-G1, M-G2) were gradually coupled with grassy, fatty and high-fired aromas. GC–MS results showed that in the HS-SPME method, heterocyclic compounds (45.84–65.35%) were the highest in Shandong matcha, followed by terpenoids (7.44–16.92%) and esters (6.91–15.27%), while in the safe method, esters were the highest (12.96–24.99%), followed by terpenoids (10.76–25.09%) and heterocyclic compounds (12.12–17.07%). As a whole, the composition of volatile components between M-G1 and M-G2 is relatively close, and there are more differences in volatile components between them and M-GS. The volatile components unique to M-GS were screened using the odor activity value (OAV) evaluation method, with components such as 3-methyl-2-butene-1-thiol, 3-ethyl-Phenol, 2-thiophenemethanethiol, 2,4-undecadienal, (E,E)-2,6-nonadienal, (E,Z)- being evaluated. There were other differentially volatile components, that is, volatile components that coexist in the three grades of matcha, but with different concentrations and proportions. M-G1 and M-G2 contained more volatile substances with high-fired aroma, such as 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, coumarin and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline. The grinding process not only changes the appearance of tencha, but also increases the content of volatile components of matcha as a whole, enhancing the aroma and flavor characteristics of matcha. In this study, the contents of 24 volatile components in matcha were mainly increased, such as benzene, (2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-, cis-7-decen-1-al, safranal and fenchyl acetate. The dual factors of material tencha and matcha grinding technology are indispensable in forming the differences in aroma and flavor of Shandong matcha at different levels. MDPI 2022-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9562185/ /pubmed/36230044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11192964 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Luo, Ying
Zhang, Yazhao
Qu, Fengfeng
Wang, Peiqiang
Gao, Junfeng
Zhang, Xinfu
Hu, Jianhui
Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS
title Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS
title_full Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS
title_fullStr Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS
title_short Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds of Shandong Matcha Using HS-SPME-GC/MS and SAFE-GC/MS
title_sort characterization of the key aroma compounds of shandong matcha using hs-spme-gc/ms and safe-gc/ms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36230044
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11192964
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