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Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination
Chlorinated compounds are usually applied in vegetable sanitization, but there are concerns about their application. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate ultrasound (50 kHz), acetic acid (1000; 2000 mg/L), and peracetic acid (20 mg/L) and their combination as alternative treatments to 200 mg/L sodium...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9607291/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36296611 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207019 |
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author | de Moraes Motta Machado, Maria Clara Lepaus, Bárbara Morandi Bernardes, Patrícia Campos de São José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante |
author_facet | de Moraes Motta Machado, Maria Clara Lepaus, Bárbara Morandi Bernardes, Patrícia Campos de São José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante |
author_sort | de Moraes Motta Machado, Maria Clara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chlorinated compounds are usually applied in vegetable sanitization, but there are concerns about their application. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate ultrasound (50 kHz), acetic acid (1000; 2000 mg/L), and peracetic acid (20 mg/L) and their combination as alternative treatments to 200 mg/L sodium dichloroisocyanurate. The overall microbial, physicochemical, and nutritional quality of kale stored at 7 °C were assessed. The impact on Salmonella enterica Typhimurium was verified by plate-counting and scanning electron microscopy. Ultrasound combined with peracetic acid exhibited higher reductions in aerobic mesophiles, molds and yeasts, and coliforms at 35 °C (2.6; 2.4; 2.6 log CFU/g, respectively). Microbial counts remained stable during storage. The highest reduction in Salmonella occurred with the combination of ultrasound and acetic acid at 1000 mg/L and acetic acid at 2000 mg/L (2.8; 3.8 log CFU/g, respectively). No synergistic effect was observed with the combination of treatments. The cellular morphology of the pathogen altered after combinations of ultrasound and acetic acid at 2000 mg/L and peracetic acid. No changes in titratable total acidity, mass loss, vitamin C, or total phenolic compounds occurred. Alternative treatments presented equal to or greater efficacies than chlorinated compounds, so they could potentially be used for the decontamination of kale. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9607291 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96072912022-10-28 Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination de Moraes Motta Machado, Maria Clara Lepaus, Bárbara Morandi Bernardes, Patrícia Campos de São José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante Molecules Article Chlorinated compounds are usually applied in vegetable sanitization, but there are concerns about their application. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate ultrasound (50 kHz), acetic acid (1000; 2000 mg/L), and peracetic acid (20 mg/L) and their combination as alternative treatments to 200 mg/L sodium dichloroisocyanurate. The overall microbial, physicochemical, and nutritional quality of kale stored at 7 °C were assessed. The impact on Salmonella enterica Typhimurium was verified by plate-counting and scanning electron microscopy. Ultrasound combined with peracetic acid exhibited higher reductions in aerobic mesophiles, molds and yeasts, and coliforms at 35 °C (2.6; 2.4; 2.6 log CFU/g, respectively). Microbial counts remained stable during storage. The highest reduction in Salmonella occurred with the combination of ultrasound and acetic acid at 1000 mg/L and acetic acid at 2000 mg/L (2.8; 3.8 log CFU/g, respectively). No synergistic effect was observed with the combination of treatments. The cellular morphology of the pathogen altered after combinations of ultrasound and acetic acid at 2000 mg/L and peracetic acid. No changes in titratable total acidity, mass loss, vitamin C, or total phenolic compounds occurred. Alternative treatments presented equal to or greater efficacies than chlorinated compounds, so they could potentially be used for the decontamination of kale. MDPI 2022-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9607291/ /pubmed/36296611 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207019 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article de Moraes Motta Machado, Maria Clara Lepaus, Bárbara Morandi Bernardes, Patrícia Campos de São José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination |
title | Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination |
title_full | Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination |
title_fullStr | Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination |
title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination |
title_short | Ultrasound, Acetic Acid, and Peracetic Acid as Alternatives Sanitizers to Chlorine Compounds for Fresh-Cut Kale Decontamination |
title_sort | ultrasound, acetic acid, and peracetic acid as alternatives sanitizers to chlorine compounds for fresh-cut kale decontamination |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9607291/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36296611 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207019 |
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