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Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge

A preliminary vaccination trial against the emergent pathogen, SARS-CoV-2, was completed in captive black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes; BFF) to assess safety, immunogenicity, and anti-viral efficacy. Vaccination and boosting of 15 BFF with purified SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit protein produced a nearly...

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Autores principales: Leon, Ariel E., Garelle, Della, Hartwig, Airn, Falendysz, Elizabeth A., Ip, Hon S., Lankton, Julia S., Tretten, Tyler N., Spraker, Terry R., Bowen, Richard, Rocke, Tonie E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298743
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102188
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author Leon, Ariel E.
Garelle, Della
Hartwig, Airn
Falendysz, Elizabeth A.
Ip, Hon S.
Lankton, Julia S.
Tretten, Tyler N.
Spraker, Terry R.
Bowen, Richard
Rocke, Tonie E.
author_facet Leon, Ariel E.
Garelle, Della
Hartwig, Airn
Falendysz, Elizabeth A.
Ip, Hon S.
Lankton, Julia S.
Tretten, Tyler N.
Spraker, Terry R.
Bowen, Richard
Rocke, Tonie E.
author_sort Leon, Ariel E.
collection PubMed
description A preliminary vaccination trial against the emergent pathogen, SARS-CoV-2, was completed in captive black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes; BFF) to assess safety, immunogenicity, and anti-viral efficacy. Vaccination and boosting of 15 BFF with purified SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit protein produced a nearly 150-fold increase in mean antibody titers compared to pre-vaccination titers. Serum antibody responses were highest in young animals, but in all vaccinees, antibody response declined rapidly. Anti-viral activity from vaccinated and unvaccinated BFF was determined in vitro, as well as in vivo with a passive serum transfer study in mice. Transgenic mice that received BFF serum transfers and were subsequently challenged with SARS-CoV-2 had lung viral loads that negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the BFF serum titer received. Lastly, an experimental challenge study in a small group of BFF was completed to test susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Despite viral replication and shedding in the upper respiratory tract for up to 7 days post-challenge, no clinical disease was observed in either vaccinated or naive animals. The lack of morbidity or mortality observed indicates SARS-CoV-2 is unlikely to affect wild BFF populations, but infected captive animals pose a potential risk, albeit low, for humans and other animals.
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spelling pubmed-96120802022-10-28 Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge Leon, Ariel E. Garelle, Della Hartwig, Airn Falendysz, Elizabeth A. Ip, Hon S. Lankton, Julia S. Tretten, Tyler N. Spraker, Terry R. Bowen, Richard Rocke, Tonie E. Viruses Article A preliminary vaccination trial against the emergent pathogen, SARS-CoV-2, was completed in captive black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes; BFF) to assess safety, immunogenicity, and anti-viral efficacy. Vaccination and boosting of 15 BFF with purified SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit protein produced a nearly 150-fold increase in mean antibody titers compared to pre-vaccination titers. Serum antibody responses were highest in young animals, but in all vaccinees, antibody response declined rapidly. Anti-viral activity from vaccinated and unvaccinated BFF was determined in vitro, as well as in vivo with a passive serum transfer study in mice. Transgenic mice that received BFF serum transfers and were subsequently challenged with SARS-CoV-2 had lung viral loads that negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the BFF serum titer received. Lastly, an experimental challenge study in a small group of BFF was completed to test susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Despite viral replication and shedding in the upper respiratory tract for up to 7 days post-challenge, no clinical disease was observed in either vaccinated or naive animals. The lack of morbidity or mortality observed indicates SARS-CoV-2 is unlikely to affect wild BFF populations, but infected captive animals pose a potential risk, albeit low, for humans and other animals. MDPI 2022-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9612080/ /pubmed/36298743 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102188 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Leon, Ariel E.
Garelle, Della
Hartwig, Airn
Falendysz, Elizabeth A.
Ip, Hon S.
Lankton, Julia S.
Tretten, Tyler N.
Spraker, Terry R.
Bowen, Richard
Rocke, Tonie E.
Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge
title Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge
title_full Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge
title_fullStr Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge
title_full_unstemmed Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge
title_short Immunogenicity, Safety, and Anti-Viral Efficacy of a Subunit SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate in Captive Black-Footed Ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and Their Susceptibility to Viral Challenge
title_sort immunogenicity, safety, and anti-viral efficacy of a subunit sars-cov-2 vaccine candidate in captive black-footed ferrets (mustela nigripes) and their susceptibility to viral challenge
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298743
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102188
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