Cargando…

Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer

Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps, including cargo sorting, MVB formation and maturation, transport of MVBs, and MVB fusion with the plasma membrane. Each p...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Han, Qing-Fang, Li, Wen-Jia, Hu, Kai-Shun, Gao, Jie, Zhai, Wen-Long, Yang, Jing-Hua, Zhang, Shui-Jun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9623991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36320056
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-022-01671-0
_version_ 1784822131540885504
author Han, Qing-Fang
Li, Wen-Jia
Hu, Kai-Shun
Gao, Jie
Zhai, Wen-Long
Yang, Jing-Hua
Zhang, Shui-Jun
author_facet Han, Qing-Fang
Li, Wen-Jia
Hu, Kai-Shun
Gao, Jie
Zhai, Wen-Long
Yang, Jing-Hua
Zhang, Shui-Jun
author_sort Han, Qing-Fang
collection PubMed
description Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps, including cargo sorting, MVB formation and maturation, transport of MVBs, and MVB fusion with the plasma membrane. Each process is modulated through the competition or coordination of multiple mechanisms, whereby diverse repertoires of molecular cargos are sorted into distinct subpopulations of exosomes, resulting in the high heterogeneity of exosomes. Intriguingly, cancer cells exploit various strategies, such as aberrant gene expression, posttranslational modifications, and altered signaling pathways, to regulate the biogenesis, composition, and eventually functions of exosomes to promote cancer progression. Therefore, exosome biogenesis-targeted therapy is being actively explored. In this review, we systematically summarize recent progress in understanding the machinery of exosome biogenesis and how it is regulated in the context of cancer. In particular, we highlight pharmacological targeting of exosome biogenesis as a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9623991
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-96239912022-11-02 Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer Han, Qing-Fang Li, Wen-Jia Hu, Kai-Shun Gao, Jie Zhai, Wen-Long Yang, Jing-Hua Zhang, Shui-Jun Mol Cancer Review Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps, including cargo sorting, MVB formation and maturation, transport of MVBs, and MVB fusion with the plasma membrane. Each process is modulated through the competition or coordination of multiple mechanisms, whereby diverse repertoires of molecular cargos are sorted into distinct subpopulations of exosomes, resulting in the high heterogeneity of exosomes. Intriguingly, cancer cells exploit various strategies, such as aberrant gene expression, posttranslational modifications, and altered signaling pathways, to regulate the biogenesis, composition, and eventually functions of exosomes to promote cancer progression. Therefore, exosome biogenesis-targeted therapy is being actively explored. In this review, we systematically summarize recent progress in understanding the machinery of exosome biogenesis and how it is regulated in the context of cancer. In particular, we highlight pharmacological targeting of exosome biogenesis as a promising cancer therapeutic strategy. BioMed Central 2022-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9623991/ /pubmed/36320056 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-022-01671-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Han, Qing-Fang
Li, Wen-Jia
Hu, Kai-Shun
Gao, Jie
Zhai, Wen-Long
Yang, Jing-Hua
Zhang, Shui-Jun
Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer
title Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer
title_full Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer
title_fullStr Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer
title_full_unstemmed Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer
title_short Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer
title_sort exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9623991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36320056
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-022-01671-0
work_keys_str_mv AT hanqingfang exosomebiogenesismachineryregulationandtherapeuticimplicationsincancer
AT liwenjia exosomebiogenesismachineryregulationandtherapeuticimplicationsincancer
AT hukaishun exosomebiogenesismachineryregulationandtherapeuticimplicationsincancer
AT gaojie exosomebiogenesismachineryregulationandtherapeuticimplicationsincancer
AT zhaiwenlong exosomebiogenesismachineryregulationandtherapeuticimplicationsincancer
AT yangjinghua exosomebiogenesismachineryregulationandtherapeuticimplicationsincancer
AT zhangshuijun exosomebiogenesismachineryregulationandtherapeuticimplicationsincancer