Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland
BACKGROUND: Iodine deficiency has re-emerged among pregnant cohorts in the UK. Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a protein produced uniquely by the thyroid gland which appears to mount a U-shaped response to extremes of iodine status. Tg has been suggested as an alternative marker for chronic iodine deficiency...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9630108/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35513447 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41430-022-01144-z |
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author | Mullan, Karen McMullan, Paul Kayes, Lucy McCance, David Hunter, Alyson Woodside, Jayne V. |
author_facet | Mullan, Karen McMullan, Paul Kayes, Lucy McCance, David Hunter, Alyson Woodside, Jayne V. |
author_sort | Mullan, Karen |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Iodine deficiency has re-emerged among pregnant cohorts in the UK. Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a protein produced uniquely by the thyroid gland which appears to mount a U-shaped response to extremes of iodine status. Tg has been suggested as an alternative marker for chronic iodine deficiency but the value of Tg in pregnancy has not been fully elucidated. A recent non-European study suggested a median Tg ≤10 µg/L with <3% of values >44 µg/L was indicative of sufficiency in the second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: We measured serum Tg levels in each trimester in 241 pregnant women living in Northern Ireland, a population with mild iodine deficiency at all stages of pregnancy as defined by urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodine: creatinine ratio (ICR). Women with Tg antibodies (6% in 1st trimester) were excluded. RESULTS: The median UIC in this cohort was in the deficient range at 73, 94 and 117 µg/L in sequential trimesters (adequacy ≥ 150 µg/L). Corresponding median Tg levels were 19, 16 and 16 µg/L respectively. Median Tg for all samples was 17 μg/L (IQR 11–31) suggestive of iodine deficiency. Tg was >44 μg/L in 14.3%, 9.4% and 12.4% of women in sequential trimesters respectively. Women with either UIC/ICR below the cut-offs 150 µg/L and 150 µg/g creatinine had higher Tg concentrations in 1st and 2nd trimester (p < 0.01; p < 0.001) but not in 3rd trimester. CONCLUSION: This study adds to the evolving evidence that Tg measurement is of value in reflecting iodine status in pregnancy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9630108 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96301082022-11-04 Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland Mullan, Karen McMullan, Paul Kayes, Lucy McCance, David Hunter, Alyson Woodside, Jayne V. Eur J Clin Nutr Article BACKGROUND: Iodine deficiency has re-emerged among pregnant cohorts in the UK. Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a protein produced uniquely by the thyroid gland which appears to mount a U-shaped response to extremes of iodine status. Tg has been suggested as an alternative marker for chronic iodine deficiency but the value of Tg in pregnancy has not been fully elucidated. A recent non-European study suggested a median Tg ≤10 µg/L with <3% of values >44 µg/L was indicative of sufficiency in the second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: We measured serum Tg levels in each trimester in 241 pregnant women living in Northern Ireland, a population with mild iodine deficiency at all stages of pregnancy as defined by urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodine: creatinine ratio (ICR). Women with Tg antibodies (6% in 1st trimester) were excluded. RESULTS: The median UIC in this cohort was in the deficient range at 73, 94 and 117 µg/L in sequential trimesters (adequacy ≥ 150 µg/L). Corresponding median Tg levels were 19, 16 and 16 µg/L respectively. Median Tg for all samples was 17 μg/L (IQR 11–31) suggestive of iodine deficiency. Tg was >44 μg/L in 14.3%, 9.4% and 12.4% of women in sequential trimesters respectively. Women with either UIC/ICR below the cut-offs 150 µg/L and 150 µg/g creatinine had higher Tg concentrations in 1st and 2nd trimester (p < 0.01; p < 0.001) but not in 3rd trimester. CONCLUSION: This study adds to the evolving evidence that Tg measurement is of value in reflecting iodine status in pregnancy. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-05-05 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9630108/ /pubmed/35513447 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41430-022-01144-z Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Mullan, Karen McMullan, Paul Kayes, Lucy McCance, David Hunter, Alyson Woodside, Jayne V. Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland |
title | Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland |
title_full | Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland |
title_fullStr | Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland |
title_full_unstemmed | Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland |
title_short | Thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in Northern Ireland |
title_sort | thyroglobulin levels among iodine deficient pregnant women living in northern ireland |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9630108/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35513447 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41430-022-01144-z |
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