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Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia

A rising trend in the global prevalence of anaemia is still prevailing. To combat micronutrient deficiencies, World Health Organisation/Food Agriculture Organisation (2006) guidelines recommended four chief strategies – supplementation, fortification, nutrition education and dietary diversity. Of th...

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Autores principales: Kaur, Naman, Agarwal, Aparna, Sabharwal, Manisha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9641006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36387591
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.020
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author Kaur, Naman
Agarwal, Aparna
Sabharwal, Manisha
author_facet Kaur, Naman
Agarwal, Aparna
Sabharwal, Manisha
author_sort Kaur, Naman
collection PubMed
description A rising trend in the global prevalence of anaemia is still prevailing. To combat micronutrient deficiencies, World Health Organisation/Food Agriculture Organisation (2006) guidelines recommended four chief strategies – supplementation, fortification, nutrition education and dietary diversity. Of the four strategies, food fortification has been considered as the most efficacious and economical approach. However, it is the directives themselves that highlight two major bottlenecks associated with conventional fortification - uniform dissemination of the fortifier in food vehicle that mostly include staple foods, and internal and external compliance evaluation of fortification regulations and standards by the producers. As a result, researchers envisaged a new strategy - Food-to-food fortification that complements conventional fortification. This strategy involves fortification of food vehicles with nutrient-rich food-based fortifiers. The major advantage of utilising food-based fortifiers is that they hold the potential of enhancing the bioavailability of the fortified food and providing additional nutrients and thus, resulting in dietary diversification. It also facilitates the utilisation of underutilised crops as food-based fortifiers. Underutilised crops have been recognised as potential beneficial food source accounting to their nutritional, ecological, and fiscal benefits. This review paper delves into the strengths and shortcomings of conventional iron fortification. It delineates the concept of food-to-food fortification, while precisely discussing about the best practices to be followed to address the possible challenges associated with this strategy. It also promotes the utilisation of underutilised iron rich foods to develop fortified foods and avert global food insecurity. Furthermore, it provides a summary of the studies conducted around the world to develop fortified foods using iron compounds and iron-rich foods, and to investigate their efficacy in managing iron deficiency anaemia.
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spelling pubmed-96410062022-11-15 Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia Kaur, Naman Agarwal, Aparna Sabharwal, Manisha Curr Res Food Sci Review Article A rising trend in the global prevalence of anaemia is still prevailing. To combat micronutrient deficiencies, World Health Organisation/Food Agriculture Organisation (2006) guidelines recommended four chief strategies – supplementation, fortification, nutrition education and dietary diversity. Of the four strategies, food fortification has been considered as the most efficacious and economical approach. However, it is the directives themselves that highlight two major bottlenecks associated with conventional fortification - uniform dissemination of the fortifier in food vehicle that mostly include staple foods, and internal and external compliance evaluation of fortification regulations and standards by the producers. As a result, researchers envisaged a new strategy - Food-to-food fortification that complements conventional fortification. This strategy involves fortification of food vehicles with nutrient-rich food-based fortifiers. The major advantage of utilising food-based fortifiers is that they hold the potential of enhancing the bioavailability of the fortified food and providing additional nutrients and thus, resulting in dietary diversification. It also facilitates the utilisation of underutilised crops as food-based fortifiers. Underutilised crops have been recognised as potential beneficial food source accounting to their nutritional, ecological, and fiscal benefits. This review paper delves into the strengths and shortcomings of conventional iron fortification. It delineates the concept of food-to-food fortification, while precisely discussing about the best practices to be followed to address the possible challenges associated with this strategy. It also promotes the utilisation of underutilised iron rich foods to develop fortified foods and avert global food insecurity. Furthermore, it provides a summary of the studies conducted around the world to develop fortified foods using iron compounds and iron-rich foods, and to investigate their efficacy in managing iron deficiency anaemia. Elsevier 2022-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9641006/ /pubmed/36387591 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.020 Text en © 2022 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review Article
Kaur, Naman
Agarwal, Aparna
Sabharwal, Manisha
Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia
title Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia
title_full Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia
title_fullStr Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia
title_full_unstemmed Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia
title_short Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia
title_sort food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9641006/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36387591
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.020
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