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Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration
Cereal grains accumulate anthocyanin during developmental process. The anthocyanin content increases at grain filling stages to develop grain coloration in cereals. However, anthocyanin biosynthesis responsible for grain coloring and its regulatory mechanisms controlled by structural and functional...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9641248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36388537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1038625 |
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author | Xu, Congping Abbas, Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Zhan, Chuansong Huang, Yuxiao Huang, Sishu Yang, Haizhen Wang, Yulin Yuan, Hongjun Luo, Jie Zeng, Xingquan |
author_facet | Xu, Congping Abbas, Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Zhan, Chuansong Huang, Yuxiao Huang, Sishu Yang, Haizhen Wang, Yulin Yuan, Hongjun Luo, Jie Zeng, Xingquan |
author_sort | Xu, Congping |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cereal grains accumulate anthocyanin during developmental process. The anthocyanin content increases at grain filling stages to develop grain coloration in cereals. However, anthocyanin biosynthesis responsible for grain coloring and its regulatory mechanisms controlled by structural and functional genes remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the global map of metabolic changes linked to grain coloration of Tibetan hulless barley (qingke) using an integrative metabolome and transcriptome approach. Grains from three colored qingke cultivars at different developmental stages were considered for molecular and metabolic investigations. A total of 120 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 8,327 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered. DEGs were mainly enriched in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways. The transcript levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes (PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHS, FLS, F3H, F3’H, DFR, ANS, GT, OMT, and MAT) significantly upregulate in colored qingke compared to the non-colored variety. During grain development and maturation, the strong correlation of HvMYC2 expression with anthocyanin contents and anthocyanin biosynthesis genes suggested it as a critical gene in anthocyanin accumulation. Further results confirmed that HvMYC2 could be activated by HvMYB and be a positive regulator of UV-B and cold tolerance in qingke. In addition, verification based on enzymatic assays indicated that six key modifier enzymes could catalyze glycosylation, malonylation, and methylation of anthocyanins, thereby dissecting the major anthocyanin modification pathway in colored qingke. Overall, our study provides global insight into anthocyanin accumulation and the mechanism underlying grain coloration in qingke. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9641248 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96412482022-11-15 Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration Xu, Congping Abbas, Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Zhan, Chuansong Huang, Yuxiao Huang, Sishu Yang, Haizhen Wang, Yulin Yuan, Hongjun Luo, Jie Zeng, Xingquan Front Plant Sci Plant Science Cereal grains accumulate anthocyanin during developmental process. The anthocyanin content increases at grain filling stages to develop grain coloration in cereals. However, anthocyanin biosynthesis responsible for grain coloring and its regulatory mechanisms controlled by structural and functional genes remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the global map of metabolic changes linked to grain coloration of Tibetan hulless barley (qingke) using an integrative metabolome and transcriptome approach. Grains from three colored qingke cultivars at different developmental stages were considered for molecular and metabolic investigations. A total of 120 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 8,327 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered. DEGs were mainly enriched in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways. The transcript levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes (PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHS, FLS, F3H, F3’H, DFR, ANS, GT, OMT, and MAT) significantly upregulate in colored qingke compared to the non-colored variety. During grain development and maturation, the strong correlation of HvMYC2 expression with anthocyanin contents and anthocyanin biosynthesis genes suggested it as a critical gene in anthocyanin accumulation. Further results confirmed that HvMYC2 could be activated by HvMYB and be a positive regulator of UV-B and cold tolerance in qingke. In addition, verification based on enzymatic assays indicated that six key modifier enzymes could catalyze glycosylation, malonylation, and methylation of anthocyanins, thereby dissecting the major anthocyanin modification pathway in colored qingke. Overall, our study provides global insight into anthocyanin accumulation and the mechanism underlying grain coloration in qingke. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9641248/ /pubmed/36388537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1038625 Text en Copyright © 2022 Xu, Abbas, Zhan, Huang, Huang, Yang, Wang, Yuan, Luo and Zeng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Xu, Congping Abbas, Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Zhan, Chuansong Huang, Yuxiao Huang, Sishu Yang, Haizhen Wang, Yulin Yuan, Hongjun Luo, Jie Zeng, Xingquan Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration |
title | Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration |
title_full | Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration |
title_fullStr | Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration |
title_full_unstemmed | Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration |
title_short | Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of Tibetan hulless barley grain coloration |
title_sort | integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms of tibetan hulless barley grain coloration |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9641248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36388537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1038625 |
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