Identification of Boronate-Containing Diarylpyrimidine Derivatives as Novel HIV-1 Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

In this study, privileged boronic acid ester was introduced into the right wing of etravirine (ETR) to obtain a series of novel boronate-containing derivatives. These newly synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their anti-HIV potency in MT-4 cells using the MTT method, and their inhibitory activity to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) was assayed by the ELISA method. Most of the synthesized compounds displayed promising antiviral activity against the wild-type and a wide range of HIV-1 mutant strains. In particular, 4a exhibited the most potent activity against the wild-type and a panel of single mutations (L100I, K103N, Y181C, and E138K) with EC(50) values ranging from 0.005 to 0.648 μM, which were much superior to those of nevirapine (EC(50) = 0.151 μM). Moreover, 4b turned out to be an effective inhibitor against the double-mutant strains F227L + V106A and RES056 with EC(50) values of 3.21 and 2.30 μM, respectively. RT inhibition activity and molecular docking were also investigated.